沪教版 选择性必修 第三册英语单词表
沪教版 选择性必修 第三册英语单词，按 4 个单元整理，共 260 个词，附音标、中文释义和例句。可以直接对照课本复习，也可以打开消了个词按单元闯关练习。
Unit 1 69 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| biology | /baɪˈɑlədʒi/ | n. | 生物学 | In biology, we study living things and how they interact with their environment.（在生物学中，我们研究生物及其如何与环境相互作用。） |
| angle | /ˈæŋɡəl/ | n. | 角；角度 | These two lines meet at an angle of ninety degrees.（这两条线相交，形成一个九十度的角。） |
| minority | /maɪˈnɔːrəti/ | n. | 少数 | Only a minority of the thirty pupils, five altogether, preferred the earlier lunch time.（三十名学生中，只有少数人更喜欢较早的午餐时间，一共五人。） |
| remote | /rɪˈmoʊt/ | adj. | 遥远的；偏僻的 | They live in a remote village far from the nearest hospital.（他们住在一个偏僻的村庄，离最近的医院很远。） |
| hunt | /hʌnt/ | v. | 打猎；猎杀 | Owls hunt small animals at night.（猫头鹰夜间猎食小动物。） |
| airline | /ˈɛrˌlaɪn/ | n. | 航空公司 | The airline sent us new tickets after our flight was changed.（航班变更后，航空公司给我们寄了新机票。） |
| demand | /dɪˈmænd/ | n. | 需求 | Demand for fresh fruit rises in summer.（夏天对新鲜水果的需求会上升。） |
| rigid | /ˈrɪdʒɪd/ | adj. | 死板的 | The school has rigid rules about when students may leave.（学校对学生何时可以离校有死板的规定。） |
| restricted | /rɪˈstrɪktɪd/ | adj. | 受限制的 | With such a small budget, our choices are restricted.（预算这么少，我们的选择是受限制的。） |
| curriculum | /kəˈrɪkjələm/ | n. | 课程体系 | The school added gardening to its curriculum after parents requested more practical lessons.（家长要求增加实践课后，学校把园艺加入了课程体系。） |
| enormous | /ɪˈnɔːrməs/ | adj. | 巨大的 | The storm left an enormous tree across the road.（风暴过后，一棵巨树横在道路上。） |
| fluency | /ˈfluənsi/ | n. | 流利流畅 | Daily conversations improved her fluency, so she could speak longer without searching for words.（每天交谈提高了她的语言流利程度，让她能连续说更久，不必想该用什么词。） |
| grasp | /ɡræsp/ | n. | 理解力 | She has a good grasp of basic science.（她对基础科学有很好的理解。） |
| sew | /soʊ/ | v. | 缝纫缝制 | She sewed the torn sleeve with a needle and matching blue thread.（她用针和相配的蓝线缝补了撕破的袖子。） |
| harsh | /hɑrʃ/ | adj. | 恶劣的 | Few plants can grow in this harsh weather.（很少有植物能在这种恶劣的天气下生长。） |
| frozen | /ˈfroʊzən/ | adj. | 结冰的 | The pond is frozen in winter.（这个池塘在冬天是结冰的。） |
| shoreline | /ˈʃɔːrlaɪn/ | n. | 海岸线；湖岸线 | We walked along the shoreline of the lake.（我们沿着湖岸线散步。） |
| isolated | /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/ | adj. | 偏远的 | They live in an isolated village high in the mountains.（他们住在高山上一个偏远的村庄。） |
| inevitably | /ɪnˈevɪtəbli/ | adv. | 不可避免地 | Without enough sleep, you will inevitably feel tired.（睡眠不足，你不可避免地会感到疲倦。） |
| resident | /ˈrezɪdənt/ | n. | 居民 | Every resident received a letter about the new park.（每位居民都收到了一封关于新公园的信。） |
| relevant | /ˈrɛləvənt/ | adj. | 有关的；切题的 | Only include facts relevant to the accident when writing your report.（写报告时，只列入与事故有关的事实。） |
| overcome | /ˌoʊvərˈkʌm/ | v. | 克服；战胜 | She has overcome her fear of water and learned to swim.（她已经克服了对水的恐惧，学会了游泳。） |
| atmosphere | /ˈætməsfɪr/ | n. | 气氛；氛围 | The small cafe has a friendly atmosphere.（这家小咖啡馆有一种友好的气氛。） |
| vocabulary | /voʊˈkæbjəˌlɛri/ | n. | 词汇 | Her English vocabulary grew as she read stories and learned unfamiliar words.（随着阅读故事、学习不熟悉的词，她的英语词汇量增长了。） |
| wilderness | /ˈwɪldərnəs/ | n. | 荒野 | We spent a week walking through the wilderness.（我们花了一周在荒野中行走。） |
| horizon | /həˈraɪzən/ | n. | 地平线 | The sun appeared above the horizon.（太阳从地平线上出现。） |
| /meɪl/ | n. | 邮件 | The post office holds our mail while we are on holiday.（我们度假时，邮局替我们保管邮件。） | |
| awesome | /ˈɔːsəm/ | adj. | 极好的 | We had an awesome weekend at the beach.（我们在海边度过了一个极好的周末。） |
| eagle | /ˈiɡəl/ | n. | 鹰 | An eagle circled above the valley before diving towards the ground with its claws extended.（一只鹰在山谷上空盘旋，然后伸出利爪，向地面俯冲。） |
| hop | /hɑːp/ | v. | 快速去某处 | Hop in the car, and we can leave now.（快上车，我们现在就可以出发了。） |
| photographer | /fəˈtɑɡrəfər/ | n. | 摄影师 | The photographer waited for better light before taking pictures of the mountain.（摄影师等到光线更好时，才拍摄那座山。） |
| nephew | /ˈnefjuː/ | n. | 侄子或外甥 | My nephew, my brother’s son, brought his favourite book when he visited me.（我的侄子，也就是我兄弟的儿子，来看我时带来了他最喜欢的书。） |
| niece | /niːs/ | n. | 侄女或外甥女 | My niece, my sister’s daughter, sent me a drawing of her new school.（我的外甥女，也就是我姐妹的女儿，寄给我一幅她的新学校的画。） |
| circus | /ˈsɜːrkəs/ | n. | 马戏表演 | The circus began with a clown juggling balls.（马戏表演以一个小丑抛接球的节目开场。） |
| bowling | /ˈboʊlɪŋ/ | n. | 保龄球运动 | She rented shoes before her first bowling lesson, then learned to roll balls towards pins.（她第一堂保龄球课前租了鞋，然后学习把球滚向球瓶。） |
| geometry | /dʒiˈɑmətri/ | n. | 几何学 | In geometry class, we measured the sides and angles of a triangle.（几何课上，我们测量了一个三角形的边和角。） |
| budget | /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ | n. | 预算 | Our budget includes money for food, travel and museum tickets.（我们的预算包括食品、交通和博物馆门票的费用。） |
| venue | /ˈvenjuː/ | n. | 活动场地 | The concert venue is close to the station.（音乐会的活动场地离车站很近。） |
| deadline | /ˈdedlaɪn/ | n. | 截止期限 | The deadline for submitting the project is Friday, so we need to finish drawings tonight.（项目的提交截止时间是周五，所以我们今晚需要完成图纸。） |
| subscribe | /səbˈskraɪb/ | v. | 订阅 | She subscribed to the magazine so new issues would arrive at her home each month.（她订阅了杂志，好让新一期每月寄到家。） |
| impressive | /ɪmˈprɛsɪv/ | adj. | 令人赞叹的 | The pupils built an impressive model of the bridge.（学生们做了一个令人赞叹的桥梁模型。） |
| greet | /ɡrit/ | v. | 问候迎接 | She greeted our new guests with a smile and introduced herself.（她微笑着向新来的客人打招呼，并介绍了自己。） |
| roof | /ruf/ | n. | 屋顶 | The roof kept the books dry during the heavy rain.（大雨期间，屋顶让书保持干燥。） |
| trunk | /trʌŋk/ | n. | 树干 | The tree trunk was so wide that three children could not reach around it.（这棵树的树干很粗，三个孩子都无法合抱。） |
| coffin | /ˈkɔːfɪn/ | n. | 棺材 | The wooden coffin was covered with flowers.（木棺上铺满了鲜花。） |
| grab | /ɡræb/ | v. | 吸引注意 | The bright poster grabbed my attention.（那张鲜艳的海报吸引了我的注意。） |
| lyrics | /ˈlɪrɪks/ | n. | 歌词 | She wrote the lyrics before her friend added the music.（她先写了歌词，再由朋友配上音乐。） |
| scale | /skeɪl/ | n. | 音阶 | Play the scale slowly on the piano.（在钢琴上慢慢弹奏这个音阶。） |
| conflict | /ˈkɑnflɪkt/ | n. | 冲突；抵触 | There was a conflict between the two groups about sharing the room.（两组人就共用房间发生了冲突。） |
| accent | /ˈækˌsɛnt/ | n. | 口音 | Her accent reminded me of the village where I had spent my childhood.（她的口音让我想起了童年生活过的村庄。） |
| tribe | /traɪb/ | n. | 部落 | The tribe has its own language and traditions.（这个部族有自己的语言和传统。） |
| rely | /rɪˈlaɪ/ | v. | 依靠；依赖 | The village relies on a single well for its drinking water.（这个村庄依靠一口井获取饮用水。） |
| navigable | /ˈnævɪɡəbəl/ | adj. | 可航行的 | The river is navigable all year.（这条河全年都可通航。） |
| giant | /ˈdʒaɪənt/ | adj. | 巨大的 | A giant tree stood beside the small cottage.（一棵巨树矗立在小屋旁。） |
| sacred | /ˈseɪkrɪd/ | adj. | 神圣的 | The guide explained why the community regarded the ancient temple as sacred.（导游解释了那个群体为什么把这座古庙视为神圣之地。） |
| invasion | /ɪnˈveɪʒən/ | n. | 入侵 | The museum examined the invasion through maps and personal letters.（博物馆通过地图和私人书信，研究了那次入侵。） |
| arise | /əˈraɪz/ | v. | 出现；发生 | A problem arose when we tried to open the file.（我们尝试打开文件时出现了一个问题。） |
| restore | /rɪˈstɔːr/ | v. | 恢复 | The workers hope to restore the old bridge.（工人希望修复那座旧桥。） |
| cave | /keɪv/ | n. | 山洞 | The bear lives in a mountain cave.（那只熊住在山里的一个洞穴中。） |
| visible | /ˈvɪzəbəl/ | adj. | 可见的；看得见的 | The village tower is visible from our classroom window.（从教室窗户能看到村里的塔。） |
| thunder | /ˈθʌndər/ | n. | 雷声 | Thunder followed the bright flash of lightning and rolled beyond the distant hills.（明亮的闪电过后传来雷声，轰隆声传到远山外。） |
| resolve | /rɪˈzɑːlv/ | v. | 解决 | We resolved the problem by moving the table into another room.（我们把桌子搬到另一个房间，解决了问题。） |
| a handful of | /ə ˈhændfʊl əv/ | phr. | 一把 | She threw a handful of rice into the pot.（她往锅里放了一把米。） |
| walrus-ivory carving | /ˈwɔːlrəs ˌaɪvəri ˈkɑːrvɪŋ/ | phr. | 海象牙雕 | The museum displays a walrus-ivory carving of a small boat.（博物馆展出了一件小船造型的海象牙雕。） |
| macaroni and cheese | /ˌmækəˌroʊni ən ˈtʃiːz/ | phr. | 奶酪通心粉 | Dad made macaroni and cheese for lunch.（爸爸午餐做了奶酪通心粉。） |
| impose sth. on sb. | /ɪmˈpoʊz ˌsʌmθɪŋ ɑːn ˌsʌmbədi/ | phr. | 强迫接受 | Do not impose your views on others.（不要强迫别人接受你的观点。） |
| Yupik | /ˈjuːpɪk/ | n. | 尤皮克人 | The Yupik shared stories from their communities with our class.（尤皮克人与我们班分享了他们社群的故事。） |
| songline | /ˈsɔːŋlaɪn/ | n. | 歌之径 | The songline links places through music and stories.（这条歌之径通过音乐和故事将各处地点联系起来。） |
| the Ice Age | /ði ˈaɪs eɪdʒ/ | phr. | 冰河时代 | Much of northern Europe was covered by thick ice during the Ice Age.（冰河时代，北欧大部分地区被厚冰覆盖。） |
Unit 2 70 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sentimental | /ˌsentəˈmentəl/ | adj. | 感情用事的 | I kept the broken watch for sentimental reasons, though it could no longer tell the time.（虽然那块坏手表已经不能报时了，我还是出于感情上的原因留着它。） |
| mirror | /ˈmɪrər/ | n. | 镜子 | She looked in the mirror to check her hair.（她照镜子检查头发。） |
| jazz | /dʒæz/ | n. | 爵士乐 | The band played jazz while visitors looked at the pictures.（访客欣赏图片时，乐队演奏着爵士乐。） |
| tank | /tæŋk/ | n. | 水箱；储罐 | The farm stores water in a large tank behind the house.（农场把水储存在房子后面的一个大水箱里。） |
| reluctant | /rɪˈlʌktənt/ | adj. | 不情愿的；勉强的 | He was reluctant to leave his old home.（他不愿离开老家。） |
| primitive | /ˈprɪmətɪv/ | adj. | 早期原始的 | The museum displayed primitive tools from an early farming community that used sharp stones.（博物馆展出了一个早期农业群体的原始工具，这个群体使用尖锐的石头。） |
| permanent | /ˈpɜrmənənt/ | adj. | 长期固定的 | The permanent bridge replaced the temporary wooden crossing that floods had damaged many times.（这座永久桥梁取代了多次被洪水损坏的临时木桥。） |
| possession | /pəˈzeʃən/ | n. | 财物 | The old watch was her most treasured possession.（那块旧手表是她最珍爱的财物。） |
| annoyed | /əˈnɔɪd/ | adj. | 恼怒的 | She was annoyed because the bus was late again.（她因为公交车又晚点了而感到恼怒。） |
| friction | /ˈfrɪkʃən/ | n. | 不合；分歧 | Different working styles caused friction between the two partners.（不同的工作方式使两位合伙人之间产生了分歧。） |
| temporary | /ˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/ | adj. | 临时的 | The temporary bridge will close when repairs to the old one finish.（旧桥修好后，临时桥就会关闭。） |
| resist | /rɪˈzɪst/ | v. | 抵抗 | She resisted pressure to copy answers during the test.（她顶住了考试时抄答案的压力。） |
| load | /loʊd/ | n. | 大量 | We have loads of time before the train leaves.（火车出发前，我们还有很多时间。） |
| currency | /ˈkɜːrənsi/ | n. | 通用流传 | The new expression quickly gained currency among young people.（这个新说法很快在年轻人中流传开来。） |
| tendency | /ˈtɛndənsi/ | n. | 倾向趋势 | His tendency to hurry caused mistakes whenever the work required careful attention.（他做事容易匆忙，工作需要细心时就会因此出错。） |
| abnormal | /æbˈnɔrməl/ | adj. | 反常的 | The abnormal temperature led us to check the equipment again.（异常的温度让我们再次检查设备。） |
| hazardous | /ˈhæzərdəs/ | adj. | 危险的 | Thick fog made the journey hazardous.（浓雾使这段旅程变得危险。） |
| purse | /pɜrs/ | n. | 小钱包 | She took a coin from her purse to pay for the bread.（她从零钱包里拿出一枚硬币买面包。） |
| license | /ˈlaɪsəns/ | n. | 许可证 | You need a fishing license before catching fish in this lake.（你需要先取得捕鱼许可证，才能在这个湖里捕鱼。） |
| diamond | /ˈdaɪmənd/ | n. | 钻石 | Her ring has a small diamond that shines in the light.（她的戒指上有一颗在光线下闪耀的小钻石。） |
| receptionist | /rɪˈsɛpʃənɪst/ | n. | 前台接待员 | The receptionist welcomed us at the hotel desk and checked our booking details.（酒店前台接待员欢迎我们，并核对了预订资料。） |
| fright | /fraɪt/ | n. | 惊恐惊吓 | The sudden bang gave her a fright, and she dropped the book.（突如其来的砰响让她受了惊吓，书也掉了下来。） |
| shark | /ʃɑrk/ | n. | 鲨鱼 | The shark swam slowly past the glass while visitors watched.（访客们看着鲨鱼缓缓游过玻璃前。） |
| flu | /flu/ | n. | 流感 | She stayed home with flu while her classmates went on the trip.（她因流感待在家里，同学们则去旅行了。） |
| virus | /ˈvaɪrəs/ | n. | 病毒 | The science lesson explained how a virus can spread between people.（科学课解释了病毒如何在人与人之间传播。） |
| tobacco | /təˈbækoʊ/ | n. | 烟草 | The museum displayed dried tobacco leaves beside photographs of the farms where they grew.（博物馆展出干烟叶，旁边是种植烟草的农场照片。） |
| astonish | /əˈstɑnɪʃ/ | v. | 使惊讶 | The tiny child's knowledge of distant planets astonished the visiting science teacher.（这个幼小孩子对遥远行星的了解，让来访的科学老师大为惊讶。） |
| criterion | /kraɪˈtɪriən/ | n. | 标准准则 | Safety was our main criterion when choosing a path for the children's first mountain walk.（为孩子们的第一次山地徒步选路时，安全是我们的主要标准。） |
| mask | /mæsk/ | n. | 面具面罩 | She wore a mask over her nose and mouth while cleaning the dusty room.（打扫满是灰尘的房间时，她戴着口罩，遮住口鼻。） |
| submit | /səbˈmɪt/ | v. | 提交 | Please submit your form before Friday to join the summer course.（请在星期五之前提交表格，以参加暑期课程。） |
| platform | /ˈplætfɔːrm/ | n. | 站台 | Passengers waited on the platform as the train entered the station.（火车进站时，乘客们在站台上等候。） |
| slip | /slɪp/ | v. | 悄悄塞入 | She slipped a note into my pocket before leaving.（她离开前悄悄往我的口袋里塞了一张纸条。） |
| folder | /ˈfoʊldər/ | n. | 文件夹 | Put these papers in the blue folder.（把这些纸放进蓝色文件夹里。） |
| initial | /ɪˈnɪʃəl/ | n. | 首字母 | Write your initials at the bottom of each page.（在每页底部写下你姓名的首字母。） |
| guilty | /ˈɡɪlti/ | adj. | 内疚的 | She felt guilty for breaking the cup and hiding the pieces.（她因为打碎杯子并藏起碎片而感到内疚。） |
| tube | /tuːb/ | n. | 伦敦地铁 | We took the tube to the museum in London.（我们在伦敦乘地铁去了博物馆。） |
| exhibition | /ˌeksəˈbɪʃən/ | n. | 展览 | The art exhibition has beautiful pictures.（这个美术展览上有美丽的画。） |
| gallery | /ˈɡæləri/ | n. | 画廊 | Her art is displayed in a small gallery beside the river.（她的艺术作品在河边一家小画廊里展出。） |
| delay | /dɪˈleɪ/ | n. | 延迟 | There was a two-hour delay before our flight.（我们的航班起飞前延迟了两小时。） |
| applicant | /ˈæplɪkənt/ | n. | 申请人 | Each applicant must provide evidence of qualifications before being invited for an interview.（每位申请人都必须先提供资历证明，才会获邀参加面试。） |
| pour | /pɔːr/ | v. | 倾盆而下 | It began to pour just as we left school.（我们刚离开学校，雨就开始倾盆而下。） |
| laptop | /ˈlæptɑp/ | n. | 笔记本电脑 | I carry my laptop in this bag.（我把笔记本电脑放在这个包里携带。） |
| loan | /loʊn/ | v. | 借出 | Could you loan me your bicycle for the afternoon?（你能把自行车借给我用一下午吗？） |
| reputation | /ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən/ | n. | 名声 | The restaurant has a reputation for serving fresh food at fair prices.（这家餐馆以价格公道、食物新鲜而闻名。） |
| precious | /ˈpreʃəs/ | adj. | 珍贵的 | The letter was precious to her because it contained her father’s last words.（这封信对她很珍贵，因为里面有父亲最后的话语。） |
| vase | /veɪs/ | n. | 花瓶 | She arranged the fresh flowers in a tall glass vase on the table.（她把鲜花插进桌上的高玻璃花瓶里。） |
| comparison | /kəmˈpærɪsən/ | n. | 比较 | A comparison of the old photographs revealed how much the village square had changed over fifty years.（比较旧照片后，可以看出村庄广场在五十年间发生了多大变化。） |
| political | /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/ | adj. | 政治的 | The history lesson examined political changes that gave more people a voice in government.（历史课考察了让更多人参与政府决策的政治变化。） |
| dimension | /dɪˈmenʃən/ | n. | 方面 | We should consider the social dimension of this problem.（我们应该考虑这个问题的社会方面。） |
| colonial | /kəˈloʊniəl/ | adj. | 殖民地的 | The museum displays furniture from the colonial period.（博物馆展出了殖民时期的家具。） |
| monument | /ˈmɑːnjəmənt/ | n. | 历史遗迹 | The ancient palace is a national monument.（这座古老的宫殿是一处国家级历史遗迹。） |
| debate | /dɪˈbeɪt/ | v. | 讨论；辩论 | The students debated whether school uniforms should be required.（学生们就是否应该要求穿校服进行了辩论。） |
| soldier | /ˈsoʊldʒər/ | n. | 士兵 | The soldier helped villagers carry clean water after the storm.（暴风雨后，那位士兵帮助村民搬运干净的水。） |
| defeat | /dɪˈfiːt/ | n. | 失败 | The team suffered a narrow defeat in the final.（这支队伍在决赛中以微弱差距落败。） |
| secure | /sɪˈkjʊr/ | adj. | 安全的；牢靠的 | The museum keeps its most valuable books in a secure room.（博物馆把最珍贵的书存放在一个安全的房间里。） |
| critical | /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/ | adj. | 至关重要的 | Clean water was critical to the success of the experiment.（干净的水对实验成功至关重要。） |
| ongoing | /ˈɑːnˌɡoʊɪŋ/ | adj. | 仍在进行的 | The school is providing ongoing support for new teachers.（学校正在为新教师提供持续的支持。） |
| joint | /dʒɔɪnt/ | adj. | 共同的 | The two schools organized a joint sports day.（这两所学校共同组织了一次运动会。） |
| ultimately | /ˈʌltəmətli/ | adv. | 最终 | We tried several plans, but ultimately chose the simplest one.（我们尝试了几个方案，但最终选择了最简单的一个。） |
| frosty | /ˈfrɔːsti/ | adj. | 冷淡的 | She gave me a frosty look and walked away.（她冷淡地看了我一眼，然后走开了。） |
| justify | /ˈdʒʌstəˌfaɪ/ | v. | 证明……合理 | She used clear evidence to justify changing the school picnic date.（她用明确证据说明更改学校野餐日期是合理的。） |
| theft | /θɛft/ | n. | 盗窃 | The shop reported the theft after discovering that several expensive watches were missing.（商店发现几块昂贵手表不见了，便报告了这起盗窃。） |
| take ... for granted | /teɪk fər ˈɡræntɪd/ | phr. | 不予重视 | You should never take a good friend for granted.（你绝不应该因习以为常而不重视好朋友。） |
| stacks of | /stæks əv/ | phr. | 大量 | We have stacks of homework to finish before Monday.（我们在星期一之前有大量作业要完成。） |
| at random | /ət ˈrændəm/ | phr. | 随意地 | Pick a card at random from the box.（从盒子里随意抽一张卡片。） |
| opt out | /ɑpt aʊt/ | phr. | 决定退出 | You can opt out of the activity if you prefer to stay home.（如果你更想待在家里，可以决定退出这项活动。） |
| get rid of | /ɡet ˈrɪd əv/ | phr. | 摆脱；清除 | We need to get rid of these broken chairs.（我们需要清除这些坏椅子。） |
| dispose of | /dɪˈspoʊz əv/ | phr. | 清除 | Please dispose of the waste in the correct bin.（请把废弃物丢进相应的垃圾桶。） |
| a bunch of | /ə bʌntʃ əv/ | det. | 大量 | I still have a bunch of emails to answer.（我还有大量电子邮件要回复。） |
| Portugal | /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/ | n. | 葡萄牙 | We spent a week in Portugal last summer.（去年夏天，我们在葡萄牙待了一周。） |
Unit 3 62 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| session | /ˈsɛʃən/ | n. | 一场；一节活动 | The swimming session lasted an hour and included several short breaks.（这次游泳活动持续一小时，其中有几次短暂休息。） |
| routine | /ruˈtin/ | n. | 常规；惯常程序 | Reading before bed is part of my older brother's daily routine.（睡前阅读是我哥哥每天固定会做的事之一。） |
| shift | /ʃɪft/ | v. | 转移 | We shifted the table closer to the window for better light.（我们把桌子移得更靠近窗户，让光线更好。） |
| unceasing | /ʌnˈsiːsɪŋ/ | adj. | 持续不断的 | The unceasing rain kept us indoors all afternoon.（持续不断的雨让我们整个下午都待在室内。） |
| root | /ruːt/ | v. | 起源于 | Her interest in music is rooted in her childhood.（她对音乐的兴趣起源于她的童年。） |
| philosophy | /fəˈlɑsəfi/ | n. | 哲学体系 | His philosophy connects ideas about knowledge with ideas about human nature.（他的哲学体系把关于知识的观念与关于人性的观念联系起来。） |
| symbol | /ˈsɪmbəl/ | n. | 符号 | Use the plus symbol to add numbers.（用加号这个符号表示加法。） |
| crisis | /ˈkraɪsɪs/ | n. | 危机；关键时刻 | The town faced a water crisis after its main supply failed.（主要供水系统故障后，小镇面临用水危机。） |
| embarrassed | /ɪmˈbærəst/ | adj. | 尴尬的 | He felt embarrassed when he forgot his teacher's name during the introduction.（介绍时忘了老师的名字，他感到难堪。） |
| refresh | /rɪˈfrɛʃ/ | v. | 恢复精力 | A short rest refreshed her after a long morning of studying.（学习了一整个漫长的上午后，短暂休息让她恢复了精神。） |
| motivation | /ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən/ | n. | 动机动力 | Her main motivation for studying medicine was a desire to help sick children.（她学医的主要动力，是想帮助生病的孩子。） |
| attain | /əˈteɪn/ | v. | 达到获得 | She attained the required level of English after years of study and regular conversation practice.（经过多年学习和经常对话练习，她达到了所需的英语水平。） |
| channel | /ˈtʃænl/ | v. | 倾注于 | She channels all her energy into helping young children.（她把全部精力倾注于帮助幼儿。） |
| tackle | /ˈtækəl/ | v. | 对付；处理 | We tackled the rubbish problem by placing more bins near the beach.（我们在海滩附近增设垃圾桶，着手解决垃圾问题。） |
| flame | /fleɪm/ | n. | 火焰 | A small flame rose from the candle and lit the faces around the table.（蜡烛上冒出一簇小火焰，照亮了桌旁人们的脸。） |
| mighty | /ˈmaɪti/ | adj. | 强大的 | The mighty river flows through the valley.（那条水势强大的河流流经山谷。） |
| significance | /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ | n. | 重要性意义 | The historian explained the significance of the discovery for understanding the town’s earliest history.（历史学家解释了这项发现对了解城镇最早历史的重要性。） |
| unrealistic | /ˌʌnriːəˈlɪstɪk/ | adj. | 不切实际的 | Finishing all this work today is unrealistic.（今天做完所有这些工作是不切实际的。） |
| episode | /ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd/ | n. | 事件片段；一集 | We watched the first episode of the new television series together after dinner.（晚饭后，我们一起看了这部新电视剧的第一集。） |
| consequence | /ˈkɑnsəkwɛns/ | n. | 后果 | Missing the bus was a consequence of leaving home too late.（错过公交车是出门太晚的后果。） |
| swing | /swɪŋ/ | n. | 改变幅度 | The survey showed a swing in public opinion towards cycling.（调查显示，公众看法发生了变化，转向支持骑自行车。） |
| comfort | /ˈkʌmfərt/ | v. | 安慰 | The teacher comforted the child who had lost his favourite toy.（老师安慰了那个丢失最心爱玩具的孩子。） |
| confuse | /kənˈfjuz/ | v. | 使困惑；混淆 | The similar names of these two villages often confuse visitors.（这两个村子相似的名字经常让来访者困惑。） |
| novelist | /ˈnɑvəlɪst/ | n. | 小说家 | The novelist spent three years writing a story about a family living by the sea.（这位小说家花了三年时间，创作一个海边人家的故事。） |
| upset | /ʌpˈset/ | adj. | 心烦的 | He was upset because his favourite book had been damaged.（他心烦，因为最喜欢的书被弄坏了。） |
| shadow | /ˈʃædoʊ/ | n. | 影子 | My shadow is long in the evening.（我的影子在傍晚很长。） |
| profession | /prəˈfɛʃən/ | n. | 专业职业 | She chose teaching as her profession after training at the college.（她在学院接受培训后，选择了教师这一职业。） |
| undergo | /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/ | v. | 经历；经受 | The building will undergo repairs next month.（这栋建筑下个月将接受维修。） |
| surgical | /ˈsɜːrdʒɪkəl/ | adj. | 外科的 | All surgical tools must be cleaned carefully before use.（所有外科器械在使用前都必须仔细清洁。） |
| boost | /buːst/ | v. | 提高 | The new reading programme aims to boost the number of books pupils finish each term.（新的阅读计划旨在提高学生每学期读完的书本数量。） |
| ease | /iz/ | v. | 减轻；缓解 | Her calm voice eased my fear before the performance.（演出前，她平静的声音缓解了我的恐惧。） |
| behave | /bɪˈheɪv/ | v. | 表现 | People behave differently when they are nervous.（人们紧张时会有不同的表现。） |
| engage | /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ | v. | 参与；从事 | The children engage in gardening after school twice a week.（孩子们每周两次放学后参与园艺活动。） |
| moral | /ˈmɔrəl/ | adj. | 道德的 | The story raised a moral question about keeping money that belonged to someone else.（这个故事提出了一个道德问题：能否留下属于别人的钱。） |
| alcohol | /ˈælkəˌhɔl/ | n. | 酒类 | The restaurant does not serve alcohol.（这家餐馆不供应酒类。） |
| abuse | /əˈbjus/ | n. | 滥用；不当使用 | Using the school printer for business is an abuse of resources.（用学校的打印机做生意是对资源的滥用。） |
| insurance | /ɪnˈʃʊrəns/ | n. | 保险 | Their insurance covered repairs after a fallen tree damaged the roof during the storm.（暴风雨中倒下的树损坏了屋顶，他们的保险承担了修理费用。） |
| tax | /tæks/ | n. | 税 | The price includes the tax you must pay on this purchase.（价格包含了这笔购物必须缴纳的税。） |
| cigarette | /ˌsɪɡəˈrɛt/ | n. | 香烟；卷烟 | The museum displays an old box of cigarettes.（博物馆展出了一盒旧香烟。） |
| decrease | /dɪˈkris/ | v. | 减少降低 | The noise decreased when the workers switched off the machines behind the classroom.（工人关掉教室后面的机器后，噪声减小了。） |
| massive | /ˈmæsɪv/ | adj. | 巨大的；大规模的 | A massive tree stood beside the tiny house near the river.（河边的小房子旁有一棵巨树。） |
| patience | /ˈpeɪʃəns/ | n. | 耐心忍耐 | She showed patience while helping the child tie his shoes for the first time.（帮助孩子第一次系鞋带时，她表现出了耐心。） |
| ambition | /æmˈbɪʃən/ | n. | 抱负 | Her ambition is to become a doctor and help children.（她的志向是成为医生，帮助孩子们。） |
| vivid | /ˈvɪvɪd/ | adj. | 生动鲜明的 | Her vivid account of the storm made us imagine the wind and rain.（她对暴风雨的生动叙述，让我们想象到了当时的风雨。） |
| nightmare | /ˈnaɪtˌmɛr/ | n. | 噩梦 | The child woke from a frightening nightmare.（孩子从可怕的噩梦中醒来。） |
| tale | /teɪl/ | n. | 故事传说 | The old man told a tale about a boat lost at sea.（老人讲了一个关于船只在海上失踪的故事。） |
| reject | /rɪˈdʒɛkt/ | v. | 拒绝接受 | The club rejected the plan because it cost more than the members could afford.（俱乐部拒绝接受这个计划，因为其费用超出了成员们的负担能力。） |
| volume | /ˈvɑːljuːm/ | n. | 卷；册 | The first volume covers the history of the town.（第一卷讲述了这个城镇的历史。） |
| proportion | /prəˈpɔrʃən/ | n. | 比例；比率 | The teacher compared the proportion of water in each mixture.（老师比较了每种混合物中水的比例。） |
| muscle | /ˈmʌsəl/ | n. | 肌肉 | The muscles in her legs grew stronger as she practised swimming.（随着练习游泳，她腿部的肌肉变得更强壮了。） |
| pearly | /ˈpɝli/ | adj. | 珍珠的 | The necklace had a pearly border made from tiny natural pearls.（这条项链的边缘用细小的天然珍珠装饰。） |
| wrinkle | /ˈrɪŋkəl/ | v. | 起皱纹 | She wrinkled her nose when she smelled the sour milk.（她闻到变酸的牛奶时皱起了鼻子。） |
| pace | /peɪs/ | v. | 来回踱步 | He paced around the room while waiting for the results.（他等结果时在房间里来回踱步。） |
| forehead | /ˈfɔrˌhed/ | n. | 额头 | He pressed his hand to his forehead, just above his eyes.（他把手按在额头上，就在眼睛上方。） |
| curtain | /ˈkɜrtən/ | n. | 窗帘 | She drew the curtains to stop the bright sunlight from waking the baby.（她拉上窗帘，避免明亮的阳光把宝宝照醒。） |
| jaw | /dʒɔː/ | n. | 颌 | His lower jaw moved up and down as he chewed the apple.（他嚼苹果时，下颌上下活动。） |
| cheek | /tʃik/ | n. | 脸颊 | Her cheeks turned red after running across the playground.（跑过操场后，她的脸颊变红了。） |
| pure | /pjʊr/ | adj. | 清晰纯正的 | Her pure voice filled the quiet hall.（她清晰纯正的嗓音响彻安静的大厅。） |
| cope | /koʊp/ | v. | 应付 | She learned to cope with the extra work by planning her time carefully.（她通过仔细安排时间，学会了应付增加的工作。） |
| deprive ... of | /dɪˈpraɪv əv/ | phr. | 剥夺 | Loud traffic can deprive nearby residents of sleep.（嘈杂的交通噪声会剥夺附近居民的睡眠。） |
| in vain | /ɪn veɪn/ | phr. | 徒劳；白白地 | We searched in vain for the missing key.（我们寻找那把丢失的钥匙，却一无所获。） |
| the Industrial Revolution | /ði ɪnˌdʌstriəl ˌrɛvəˈluʃən/ | phr. | 工业革命 | The Industrial Revolution changed how people made goods.（工业革命改变了人们生产商品的方式。） |
Unit 4 59 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| estimate | /ˈɛstəmeɪt/ | v. | 估计 | Estimate the number of books before choosing boxes to carry them.（选箱子装书之前，先估计一下书的数量。） |
| evolve | /ɪˈvɑːlv/ | v. | 演变 | Over several years, our simple reading group evolved into a club with its own small library.（几年间，我们简单的读书小组演变成了一个拥有小型图书馆的社团。） |
| alternative | /ɔlˈtɜrnətɪv/ | n. | 替代物；备选方案 | The bus was full, so we needed an alternative.（公交车满了，所以我们需要另一个出行选择。） |
| superior | /suˈpɪriər/ | adj. | 更好的 | The new camera produced superior pictures, showing details the cheaper model had missed.（新相机拍出的图像质量更高，显示了便宜型号未拍出的细节。） |
| elegant | /ˈelɪɡənt/ | adj. | 优雅文雅的 | She wore an elegant silk dress with a simple necklace to the evening concert.（她穿着优雅的丝质连衣裙，搭配一条简洁的项链，去参加晚间音乐会。） |
| hack | /hæk/ | v. | 非法侵入 | Good security makes it harder to hack our accounts.（良好的安全防护让非法侵入我们的账户变得更难。） |
| extend | /ɪkˈstɛnd/ | v. | 延长扩大 | The library extended its opening hours during the school holidays.（图书馆在学校假期延长了开放时间。） |
| universally | /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəli/ | adv. | 普遍地 | The new school rules were universally welcomed by students.（新校规受到了学生们的一致欢迎。） |
| cybercrime | /ˈsaɪbərkraɪm/ | n. | 网络犯罪 | The report explains how cybercrime can affect small businesses.（报告解释了网络犯罪会如何影响小企业。） |
| comic | /ˈkɑːmɪk/ | adj. | 喜剧的 | She played a comic role in the school play.（她在学校的话剧中扮演了一个喜剧角色。） |
| combine | /kəmˈbaɪn/ | v. | 结合；联合 | Combine the two groups so everyone can join the game.（把两组合在一起，好让所有人都能参加游戏。） |
| formation | /fɔrˈmeɪʃən/ | n. | 形成构成 | The class studied the formation of clouds.（全班学习了云的形成过程。） |
| horn | /hɔrn/ | n. | 号 | She plays the horn in the school band.（她在学校乐队里吹号。） |
| interval | /ˈɪntərvəl/ | n. | 间隔 | There was a short interval between the first flash of lightning and the thunder.（第一道闪电与雷声之间隔了短暂的一段时间。） |
| burst | /bɝːst/ | n. | 突发；迸发 | A burst of laughter came from the classroom.（教室里突然传来一阵笑声。） |
| idiot | /ˈɪdiət/ | n. | 笨蛋 | I felt like an idiot after locking myself out.（把自己锁在门外后，我觉得自己像个笨蛋。） |
| Confucianism | /kənˈfjuːʃənɪzəm/ | n. | 儒家学说 | We discussed the importance of education in Confucianism.（我们讨论了教育在儒家学说中的重要性。） |
| kindergarten | /ˈkɪndərɡɑːrtən/ | n. | 幼儿园 | The children at the kindergarten learned new words through songs and picture books.（幼儿园里的孩子们通过歌曲和图画书学习新词。） |
| murder | /ˈmɝːdər/ | v. | 谋杀 | It is a serious crime to murder another person.（谋杀他人是严重的犯罪行为。） |
| innocent | /ˈɪnəsənt/ | adj. | 无辜清白的 | The court declared him innocent after evidence showed he was abroad when the theft happened.（证据表明失窃时他在国外，法庭随后宣布他无罪。） |
| civilian | /səˈvɪljən/ | n. | 平民 | The museum guide was a civilian, while the other visitors were serving soldiers.（博物馆导游是平民，而其他来访者是现役士兵。） |
| fibre | /ˈfaɪbər/ | n. | 纤维 | She pulled a loose fibre from the cloth and examined its long, thin shape.（她从布上抽出一根松散的纤维，观察它细长的形状。） |
| microscope | /ˈmaɪkrəskoʊp/ | n. | 显微镜 | She examined a drop of pond water under the microscope and saw tiny creatures moving.（她用显微镜观察一滴池塘水，看到了微小生物在游动。） |
| parcel | /ˈpɑrsəl/ | n. | 邮寄包裹 | She wrapped the books in paper and took the parcel to the post office.（她用纸包好书，把邮寄包裹带到了邮局。） |
| inspection | /ɪnˈspekʃən/ | n. | 检查 | The school bus passed its safety inspection.（校车通过了安全检查。） |
| subjective | /səbˈdʒektɪv/ | adj. | 主观的 | Her subjective judgement of the painting depended more on memories than on technical details.（她对这幅画的主观判断更多取决于记忆，而不是技术细节。） |
| fox | /fɑks/ | n. | 狐狸 | A fox crossed the path, its long tail moving behind it.（一只狐狸穿过小路，长尾巴在身后摆动。） |
| cage | /keɪdʒ/ | n. | 笼子 | The bird flew out when he opened the cage door.（他打开笼门时，鸟飞了出去。） |
| knit | /nɪt/ | v. | 编织 | My grandmother taught me to knit a scarf.（我奶奶教我织围巾。） |
| artificial | /ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl/ | adj. | 人造的 | The artificial flowers looked real, but they were made completely of plastic.（这些人造花看起来像真的，但完全由塑料制成。） |
| buffet | /bəˈfeɪ/ | n. | 自助餐 | At the buffet, guests chose food from large dishes and carried their plates to tables.（自助餐上，宾客从大盘中挑选食物，再端着盘子走到餐桌旁。） |
| classic | /ˈklæsɪk/ | adj. | 经典的；典型的 | We read a classic novel that people have enjoyed for many years.（我们读了一部人们多年来一直喜爱的经典小说。） |
| rent | /rɛnt/ | v. | 租用；租借 | We rented bikes for our trip around the lake.（我们租了自行车环湖游玩。） |
| grand | /ɡrænd/ | adj. | 宏伟的 | The grand palace had huge halls and high golden towers.（这座宏伟的宫殿有巨大的厅堂和高耸的金色塔楼。） |
| mysterious | /mɪˈstɪriəs/ | adj. | 神秘的 | A mysterious sound came from the room, but nobody knew why.（房间里传来一个神秘的声音，但没人知道原因。） |
| spectacular | /spɛkˈtækjələr/ | adj. | 壮观的 | The mountain provided a spectacular view.（那座山呈现出壮观景色。） |
| tempt | /tempt/ | v. | 诱使 | The cakes in the window tempted me to buy one.（橱窗里的蛋糕诱得我想买一块。） |
| tragic | /ˈtrædʒɪk/ | adj. | 悲惨的 | The film tells a tragic story about a family.（这部电影讲述了一个家庭的悲惨故事。） |
| expose | /ɪkˈspoʊz/ | v. | 揭露；使暴露 | The report exposed several errors in the figures for the school trip.（这份报告揭露了学校旅行数字中的几处错误。） |
| soul | /soʊl/ | n. | 灵魂心灵 | The quiet music comforted her soul after a day filled with worry and disappointment.（经历充满担忧和失望的一天后，安静的音乐抚慰了她的心灵。） |
| plot | /plɑt/ | n. | 故事情节 | The novel’s plot follows a missing letter that changes the lives of three families.（小说的情节围绕一封失踪的信展开，它改变了三个家庭的生活。） |
| complex | /ˈkɑmplɛks/ | adj. | 复杂的 | The map looked complex, but our teacher explained each part clearly.（地图看起来很复杂，但老师清楚地解释了每个部分。） |
| vulnerability | /ˌvʌlnərəˈbɪləti/ | n. | 脆弱性 | The storm revealed the vulnerability of these old houses.（这场暴风雨暴露了这些老房子的脆弱性。） |
| charm | /tʃɑːrm/ | n. | 魅力 | The old village retained its charm despite the new road, with narrow lanes and gardens full of flowers.（尽管修了新路，古村仍保留着窄巷和繁花满园的景致，魅力依旧。） |
| integrity | /ɪnˈteɡrəti/ | n. | 诚实正直 | We respect her integrity because she always tells the truth.（我们尊重她诚实正直的品质，因为她总是说实话。） |
| delight | /dɪˈlaɪt/ | n. | 乐事 | Reading beside the fire is a delight on winter evenings.（冬日夜晚在炉火旁读书是一件乐事。） |
| perceptive | /pərˈsɛptɪv/ | adj. | 理解力强的 | Our perceptive teacher noticed that I was worried.（我们理解力强的老师察觉到我很担心。） |
| portrayal | /pɔːrˈtreɪəl/ | n. | 描绘 | The novel gives a vivid portrayal of life in a small town.（这部小说生动地描绘了小镇生活。） |
| gripping | /ˈɡrɪpɪŋ/ | adj. | 扣人心弦的 | The story was so gripping that I read it in one night.（这个故事太扣人心弦了，我一晚上就把它读完了。） |
| setting | /ˈsɛtɪŋ/ | n. | 环境；背景 | The village provides the setting for the novel.（这个村庄构成了小说的背景。） |
| era | /ˈɪrə/ | n. | 时代；纪元 | The museum shows tools from an era when most clothes were made by hand.（博物馆展出了一个大多数衣服都靠手工制作的时代所用的工具。） |
| comedy | /ˈkɑmədi/ | n. | 喜剧 | We laughed while watching the comedy at the school theatre.（我们在学校剧院看这部喜剧时笑了起来。） |
| rebellion | /rɪˈbɛljən/ | n. | 反抗；叛逆 | His refusal to follow the school rules was an act of rebellion.（他拒绝遵守校规是一种反抗行为。） |
| sleeve | /sliv/ | n. | 袖子 | She rolled up her sleeve to keep the shirt’s cloth away from the wet paint.（她卷起袖子，以免衬衫布料碰到未干的油漆。） |
| peak | /pik/ | n. | 山峰 | Snow covered the mountain peak even during the hottest summer days.（即使在最炎热的夏日，山峰上也覆盖着积雪。） |
| chill out | /tʃɪl aʊt/ | phr. | 放松 | We chill out in the garden after work.（下班后，我们在花园里放松。） |
| fairy tale | /ˈfɛri teɪl/ | phr. | 童话故事 | Dad reads me a fairy tale at bedtime.（睡前爸爸给我读一个童话故事。） |
| Kirundi | /kɪˈrʊndi/ | n. | 基隆迪语 | She speaks Kirundi with her family at home.（她在家和家人说基隆迪语。） |
| Burundi | /bʊˈrʊndi/ | n. | 布隆迪 | Our geography class studied the lakes and hills of Burundi.（我们的地理课学习了布隆迪的湖泊与丘陵。） |