沪教版 选择性必修 第四册英语单词表
沪教版 选择性必修 第四册英语单词，按 4 个单元整理，共 232 个词，附音标、中文释义和例句。可以直接对照课本复习，也可以打开消了个词按单元闯关练习。
Unit 1 50 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| minor | /ˈmaɪnər/ | adj. | 次要的 | The main problem was fixed; only a minor error remained.（主要问题已解决，只剩一个小错误。） |
| testimony | /ˈtestəmoʊni/ | n. | 证明；证据 | Her success is testimony to years of hard work.（她的成功是多年努力的证明。） |
| sweep | /swiːp/ | v. | 席卷 | Strong winds swept across the island last night.（昨晚强风席卷了这座岛。） |
| footage | /ˈfʊtɪdʒ/ | n. | 影片片段 | The film includes footage of wild animals in the forest.（这部影片包含森林中野生动物的影像片段。） |
| compelling | /kəmˈpɛlɪŋ/ | adj. | 扣人心弦的 | The film tells a compelling story about a family at sea.（这部电影讲述了一个家庭在海上的扣人心弦的故事。） |
| zone | /zoʊn/ | n. | 区域地带 | The map shows a quiet zone where cars are not allowed.（地图上标出了一片不允许汽车进入的安静区域。） |
| agenda | /əˈdʒɛndə/ | n. | 会议议程 | The first item on today's agenda is repairing the school roof before winter.（今天议程上的第一项是冬天前修缮学校屋顶。） |
| cite | /saɪt/ | v. | 引用；引证 | In your essay, cite a passage from the novel to support your explanation of the main character’s decision.（请在文章中引用小说的一段文字，支持你对主人公决定的解释。） |
| reliable | /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ | adj. | 可靠可信的 | Our reliable neighbour always watered the plants as promised while we were away.（我们不在家时，那位可靠的邻居总会按承诺给植物浇水。） |
| examine | /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ | v. | 检查；调查 | The doctor examined her arm before asking about the pain.（医生询问疼痛情况前，检查了她的手臂。） |
| coverage | /ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ | n. | 新闻报道 | The school newspaper gave full coverage to the sports day.（校报对运动会进行了全面报道。） |
| unregulated | /ʌnˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/ | adj. | 不受管制的 | The report warned about unsafe goods sold in unregulated markets.（这份报告警告人们留意在不受管制的市场中出售的不安全商品。） |
| trace | /treɪs/ | v. | 查出；追踪 | We traced the strange smell to a broken pipe.（我们查出那股怪味来自一根破裂的管道。） |
| network | /ˈnetwɜːrk/ | n. | 人际关系网 | She built a network of friends who share her interests.（她建立了一个由志趣相投的朋友组成的人际关系网。） |
| kidnap | /ˈkɪdnæp/ | v. | 绑架 | It is a serious crime to kidnap someone.（绑架他人是严重的犯罪行为。） |
| alongside | /əˈlɔŋˌsaɪd/ | prep. | 在旁边 | She parked her bicycle alongside the low wall, leaving room for people to pass.（她把自行车停在矮墙旁边，留出供人通行的空间。） |
| highway | /ˈhaɪˌweɪ/ | n. | 公路干道 | The highway connects the two cities, carrying thousands of cars and trucks every day.（这条公路连接两座城市，每天有数千辆汽车和卡车通行。） |
| prosecute | /ˈprɑːsɪkjuːt/ | v. | 提起公诉 | The authorities decided to prosecute the company for breaking the law.（当局决定对这家公司违法的行为提起公诉。） |
| blame | /bleɪm/ | v. | 责备；责怪 | Don't blame your friend before you know what happened.（在弄清发生了什么之前，不要责怪你的朋友。） |
| bruise | /bruːz/ | n. | 淤青 | The bruise on my knee is slowly fading.（我膝盖上的淤青正在慢慢消退。） |
| clinic | /ˈklɪnɪk/ | n. | 诊所 | The nurse welcomed patients into the clinic for their appointments.（护士迎接病人进入诊所就诊。） |
| witness | /ˈwɪtnəs/ | v. | 目击 | Several passengers witnessed the accident from the bus.（几名乘客从公共汽车上目击了那起事故。） |
| cheat | /tʃiːt/ | v. | 欺骗 | The owner cheated us by claiming the broken watch worked well.（物主声称那块坏手表运转良好，欺骗了我们。） |
| aboard | /əˈbɔrd/ | prep. | 在交通工具上 | Passengers aboard the train watched the mountains pass while eating their evening meal.（列车上的乘客一边吃晚饭，一边看着群山从眼前经过。） |
| shave | /ʃeɪv/ | v. | 剃须刮脸 | He shaved his beard before the interview, leaving his cheeks smooth.（面试前，他剃掉胡须，让脸颊光滑。） |
| lower | /ˈloʊɚ/ | v. | 降低；放低 | Please lower the box gently to the floor.（请把箱子轻轻放低，放到地板上。） |
| arch | /ɑːrtʃ/ | n. | 拱 | A single stone arch supports the middle of the bridge.（一个石拱支撑着桥的中部。） |
| drag | /dræɡ/ | v. | 拖；拉；拽 | He dragged the heavy bag across the floor to the door.（他把沉重的包拖过地板，拖到门边。） |
| prejudice | /ˈprɛdʒədɪs/ | n. | 偏见成见 | His prejudice faded when he listened to people he had judged without knowing them.（他听了那些自己尚不了解就已评判过的人的讲述，偏见逐渐消退。） |
| expectation | /ˌekspekˈteɪʃən/ | n. | 期待期望 | Her expectation of a quiet holiday changed when building work began outside the hotel.（酒店外开始施工后，她原本对宁静假期的期待改变了。） |
| typhoon | /taɪˈfun/ | n. | 台风 | The typhoon approaching Japan brought strong winds that closed the fishing port.（逼近日本的台风带来了强风，使渔港关闭。） |
| lamb | /læm/ | n. | 羔羊小羊 | The lamb followed its mother across the field on its little legs.（小羊迈着小腿，跟着母羊穿过田地。） |
| suspect | /səˈspekt/ | v. | 怀疑 | I suspect the dog took our bread; some lies beside its bed.（我怀疑狗拿走了我们的面包，它的床边就有一些。） |
| instinct | /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/ | n. | 本能 | By instinct, the young birds opened their mouths when a parent returned to the nest with food.（当鸟爸爸或鸟妈妈带着食物回巢时，幼鸟出于本能张开嘴。） |
| reality | /riˈæləti/ | n. | 现实实在 | The reality of the damaged village was very different from the cheerful reports.（受损村庄的真实情况，与那些乐观报道大不相同。） |
| envy | /ˈenvi/ | n. | 羡慕嫉妒 | He felt envy when his friend received the bicycle he had wanted for years.（朋友得到了他盼望多年的自行车，让他心生羡慕。） |
| outlook | /ˈaʊtˌlʊk/ | n. | 观点看法 | Her cheerful outlook helped her face difficulties.（她乐观的生活态度帮助她面对困难。） |
| comprehension | /ˌkɑmprɪˈhenʃən/ | n. | 理解领悟 | Retelling the story in her own words showed her comprehension of its meaning.（她用自己的话复述故事，显示出对故事含义的理解。） |
| transition | /trænˈzɪʃən/ | n. | 过渡转变 | The teacher helped children with the transition from home to school.（老师帮助孩子适应从家庭到学校的过渡。） |
| dock | /dɑːk/ | v. | 驶入船坞 | They will dock the ship for repairs tomorrow.（他们明天会把船驶入船坞检修。） |
| dramatic | /drəˈmætɪk/ | adj. | 引人注目的 | The new bridge caused a dramatic reduction in journey times.（新桥使出行时间大幅缩短。） |
| spontaneous | /spɑːnˈteɪniəs/ | adj. | 自然的 | Her spontaneous smile showed how pleased she was with the gift.（她自然流露的笑容表明她对礼物有多么满意。） |
| socialist | /ˈsoʊʃəlɪst/ | n. | 社会主义者 | She interviewed a socialist for her school report.（她为学校的报告采访了一位社会主义者。） |
| unscripted | /ʌnˈskrɪptɪd/ | adj. | 无底稿的 | She gave an unscripted speech at the school meeting.（她在学校会议上作了一次无底稿的演讲。） |
| contemporary | /kənˈtempəreri/ | adj. | 当代的 | The museum displays contemporary art by young artists.（博物馆展出年轻艺术家的当代艺术作品。） |
| rhythm | /ˈrɪðəm/ | n. | 节奏；韵律 | The children clapped to the rhythm of the music.（孩子们跟着音乐节奏拍手。） |
| emerge | /ɪˈmɜːrdʒ/ | v. | 出现 | We watched a butterfly emerge from its protective case.（我们看着一只蝴蝶从保护外壳中出来。） |
| capture | /ˈkæptʃər/ | v. | 记录；捕捉 | Her painting captures the beauty of the lake at sunset.（她的画捕捉到了日落时湖泊的美。） |
| fall for the scam | /fɔl fər ðə skæm/ | phr. | 上当；受骗 | Many people fell for the scam and lost money.（许多人上当受骗，损失了钱财。） |
| be bound to | /bi baʊnd tuː/ | phr. | 肯定会 | You are bound to make progress if you practise every day.（如果每天练习，你肯定会取得进步。） |
Unit 2 60 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| corporation | /ˌkɔrpəˈreɪʃən/ | n. | 公司法人 | The corporation owns three factories and publishes a report on their environmental impact each year.（这家公司拥有三座工厂，每年发布一份关于工厂环境影响的报告。） |
| script | /skrɪpt/ | n. | 剧本 | She read the script before practising her part in the school play.（她练习校园剧角色前，读了剧本。） |
| frontier | /frʌnˈtɪr/ | n. | 知识前沿 | These scientists are exploring a new frontier in medicine.（这些科学家正在探索医学的一个新知识前沿。） |
| entrepreneur | /ˌɑntrəprəˈnɝ/ | n. | 创业者 | The young entrepreneur started a company that repairs bicycles.（那位年轻的创业者创办了一家修理自行车的公司。） |
| immortality | /ˌɪmɔːrˈtæləti/ | n. | 永生 | The scientist wondered whether immortality would ever be possible.（这位科学家想知道永生是否终有一天会成为可能。） |
| transplant | /trænsˈplænt/ | v. | 移植 | Doctors can transplant a healthy kidney into a patient.（医生可以把健康的肾脏移植到患者体内。） |
| fundamentally | /ˌfʌndəˈmentəli/ | adv. | 根本上 | The two plans are fundamentally different.（这两个计划在根本上不同。） |
| mere | /mɪr/ | adj. | 仅仅的；不过是 | The tiny house was a mere shelter, not a comfortable home.（那间小屋仅仅是个遮蔽处，不是舒适的家。） |
| purely | /ˈpjʊrli/ | adv. | 纯粹地 | I asked purely out of curiosity.（我纯粹是出于好奇才问的。） |
| pose | /poʊz/ | v. | 造成；引起 | Heavy traffic poses a danger to children walking to school.（繁忙的交通给步行上学的孩子造成危险。） |
| criminal | /ˈkrɪmənəl/ | n. | 罪犯 | The criminal went to prison for stealing expensive watches.（这名罪犯因偷窃昂贵的手表而入狱。） |
| severe | /səˈvɪr/ | adj. | 严重的；严峻的 | Severe weather forced the school to cancel its trip to the island.（恶劣天气迫使学校取消去岛上的旅行。） |
| career | /kəˈrɪr/ | n. | 职业；生涯 | She began her career as a teacher in a small village.（她在一个小村庄开始了教师生涯。） |
| resistance | /rɪˈzɪstəns/ | n. | 反抗；抵抗 | The proposal met strong resistance from local families.（这项提议遭到了本地家庭的强烈抵制。） |
| dynamic | /daɪˈnæmɪk/ | adj. | 动态的 | Language is dynamic and changes as society develops.（语言是动态的，会随着社会发展而变化。） |
| gender | /ˈdʒendər/ | n. | 性别 | Please write your gender on this form.（请在这张表上填写你的性别。） |
| opponent | /əˈpoʊnənt/ | n. | 反对者 | She is an opponent of the plan to close the library.（她是关闭图书馆计划的反对者。） |
| mechanics | /məˈkænɪks/ | n. | 力学 | We study forces and movement in mechanics.（我们在力学中学习力和运动。） |
| condemn | /kənˈdem/ | v. | 判处 | The judge condemned him to five years in prison.（法官判处他五年监禁。） |
| client | /ˈklaɪənt/ | n. | 客户委托人 | The lawyer listened carefully while her client explained the problem.（当事人解释问题时，那位律师仔细听着。） |
| shrug | /ʃrʌɡ/ | v. | 耸肩 | She began to shrug when asked a question she could not answer.（被问到答不出的问题时，她开始耸肩。） |
| sustain | /səˈsteɪn/ | v. | 维持持续 | Regular donations helped sustain the library’s work.（定期捐款帮助图书馆维持工作。） |
| propose | /prəˈpoʊz/ | v. | 提议 | She proposed adding a quiet reading corner to our classroom.（她提议在教室里增设一个安静的阅读角。） |
| drill | /drɪl/ | n. | 演习 | The soldiers completed their morning drill before breakfast.（士兵们在早餐前完成了晨间训练。） |
| dismiss | /dɪsˈmɪs/ | v. | 不予考虑 | Do not dismiss her idea without listening to her reasons.（不要还没听她说明理由，就对她的想法不予考虑。） |
| urgent | /ˈɜrdʒənt/ | adj. | 紧急的 | The urgent message asked workers to stop the machine before the damaged part broke.（紧急通知要求工人在受损零件断裂前停止机器运转。） |
| resign | /rɪˈzaɪn/ | v. | 辞职辞任 | The club secretary resigned because she no longer had time to do the job.（俱乐部秘书辞职了，因为她已经没有时间做这份工作。） |
| sneeze | /sniz/ | v. | 打喷嚏 | She sneezed when dust from the old book rose into the air.（旧书上的灰尘扬到空中时，她打了喷嚏。） |
| sink | /sɪŋk/ | v. | 下沉沉没 | The heavy stone began to sink as soon as he dropped it into the pond.（他一把沉重的石头丢进池塘，石头就开始下沉。） |
| smash | /smæʃ/ | v. | 砸碎打烂 | The falling shelf could smash the cups beneath it.（掉下来的架子可能把下面的杯子砸碎。） |
| owe | /oʊ/ | v. | 归功于 | I owe my success to my parents.（我把自己的成功归功于父母。） |
| drown | /draʊn/ | v. | 溺水死亡 | The history book records how several sailors drowned when their ship sank during a storm.（历史书记载了几名水手在船只遇暴风雨沉没时溺亡的经过。） |
| miraculously | /mɪˈrækjələsli/ | adv. | 奇迹般地 | The lost ring miraculously turned up in the garden.（丢失的戒指奇迹般地在花园里找到了。） |
| explode | /ɪkˈsploʊd/ | v. | 爆炸 | The history programme explained why the stored chemicals exploded when fire reached the warehouse.（历史节目解释了火势蔓延到仓库时，储存的化学品为何爆炸。） |
| choke | /tʃoʊk/ | v. | 哽咽难言 | She choked with emotion as she thanked her teacher.（她向老师道谢时激动得说不出话来。） |
| debt | /dɛt/ | n. | 债务；欠款 | She paid her debt to the bank with money she earned.（她用自己挣的钱偿还了欠银行的债务。） |
| architect | /ˈɑrkəˌtɛkt/ | n. | 建筑师 | The architect designed wide windows to bring more natural light into the school library.（建筑师设计了宽大的窗户，让更多自然光照进学校图书馆。） |
| forgive | /fərˈɡɪv/ | v. | 原谅宽恕 | She forgave her friend for losing the book and no longer felt angry.（她原谅了朋友弄丢书的事，不再生气。） |
| tension | /ˈtenʃən/ | n. | 紧张局势 | There was tension between the two teams after the match.（比赛后，两队之间的关系很紧张。） |
| deterioration | /dɪˌtɪriəˈreɪʃən/ | n. | 恶化 | The bridge was closed because of its gradual deterioration.（这座桥因状况逐渐恶化而关闭了。） |
| harmony | /ˈhɑrməni/ | n. | 和谐和睦 | The neighbours lived in harmony, sharing tools and settling disagreements through quiet discussion.（邻居们和睦相处，共用工具，通过平静的讨论解决分歧。） |
| glow | /ɡloʊ/ | n. | 微弱的光 | The night light gave off a soft glow.（小夜灯发出柔和的微光。） |
| magnificent | /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/ | adj. | 宏伟壮丽的 | The palace had a magnificent entrance.（这座宫殿有一个宏伟的入口。） |
| vulnerable | /ˈvʌlnərəbəl/ | adj. | 易受伤的 | Young birds are vulnerable to the cold.（幼鸟容易受到寒冷的伤害。） |
| infection | /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ | n. | 感染 | She missed school because of an ear infection.（她因为耳部感染没去上学。） |
| alert | /əˈlɜrt/ | adj. | 警觉的；留神的 | The alert driver noticed a child approaching the road and slowed down before reaching the crossing.（那名警觉的司机注意到一个孩子走近马路，在到达路口前减了速。） |
| bearded | /ˈbɪrdɪd/ | adj. | 有胡子的 | A bearded man waved from the window.（一个有胡子的男人从窗口挥了挥手。） |
| bend | /bend/ | v. | 转弯 | The road bends sharply beside the old bridge.（道路在老桥旁急转弯。） |
| sigh | /saɪ/ | v. | 叹气叹息 | He sighed with relief when the doctor confirmed that his child was recovering.（医生确认孩子正在康复，他如释重负地叹了口气。） |
| hence | /hɛns/ | adv. | 因此；所以 | The road was blocked; hence, we returned to the village.（道路受阻，因此我们返回了村庄。） |
| occupy | /ˈɑkjəˌpaɪ/ | v. | 占据；占有 | These boxes occupy most of the room.（这些箱子占了房间的大部分空间。） |
| legend | /ˈlɛdʒənd/ | n. | 传奇人物 | The young singer dreamed of performing with a jazz legend.（这位年轻歌手梦想与一位爵士乐传奇人物同台演出。） |
| frustrate | /ˈfrʌstreɪt/ | v. | 使沮丧 | Repeated delays began to frustrate the passengers.（一再延误开始令乘客沮丧。） |
| a new lease of life | /ə nuː liːs əv laɪf/ | phr. | 重获活力 | Regular exercise gave my grandfather a new lease of life.（经常锻炼让我的祖父重获活力。） |
| shelf life | /ˈʃelf laɪf/ | phr. | 保存期 | Fresh milk has a short shelf life.（鲜奶的保存期很短。） |
| gender discrimination | /ˈdʒendər dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/ | phr. | 性别歧视 | Our school teaches students to recognize and prevent gender discrimination.（我们学校教学生识别并防止性别歧视。） |
| bucket list | /ˈbʌkɪt lɪst/ | phr. | 人生愿望清单 | Seeing the northern lights is on my bucket list.（看北极光在我的人生愿望清单上。） |
| give sth. away | /ɡɪv ˈsʌmθɪŋ əˈweɪ/ | phr. | 赠送；捐赠 | These books are useful, so please give them away.（这些书很有用，请把它们赠送出去。） |
| the elderly | /ði ˈeldɚli/ | phr. | 老人 | The centre offers free computer classes for the elderly.（这个中心为老人提供免费电脑课。） |
| Croatia | /kroʊˈeɪʃə/ | n. | 克罗地亚 | We visited Croatia during our summer holiday.（我们暑假期间去了克罗地亚。） |
Unit 3 68 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| frog | /frɑɡ/ | n. | 青蛙 | A green frog jumped from the bank into the pond.（一只绿青蛙从岸边跳进了池塘。） |
| strait | /streɪt/ | n. | 海峡 | The ferry crossed the narrow strait between the island and the mainland before sunset.（渡船在日落前穿过岛屿与大陆之间的狭窄海峡。） |
| meanwhile | /ˈminˌwaɪl/ | adv. | 与此同时 | I prepared the vegetables; meanwhile, he checked that the oven had reached the right temperature.（我准备蔬菜，与此同时，他检查烤箱是否达到了合适的温度。） |
| float | /floʊt/ | v. | 漂浮 | A leaf floated on the pond until the wind carried it towards the bank.（一片叶子浮在池塘水面上，直到风把它吹向岸边。） |
| butcher | /ˈbʊtʃɚ/ | v. | 屠宰 | The farm sends its animals to another place to be butchered.（这家农场把牲畜送到别处屠宰。） |
| distressing | /dɪˈstresɪŋ/ | adj. | 令人痛苦的 | Losing her favorite pet was a distressing experience.（失去她最喜欢的宠物是一次令人痛苦的经历。） |
| statistic | /stəˈtɪstɪk/ | n. | 统计数值 | The report included a statistic showing the average journey time.（报告包含了一个显示平均出行时间的统计数值。） |
| predator | /ˈpredətər/ | n. | 捕食性动物 | A lion is a large predator that lives in groups.（狮子是一种群居的大型捕食性动物。） |
| collapse | /kəˈlæps/ | n. | 崩溃；倒闭 | The collapse of the company left many people without jobs.（公司的倒闭使许多人失去了工作。） |
| recreation | /ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən/ | n. | 娱乐消遣 | After a busy week, he went swimming for recreation and enjoyed relaxing in the water.（忙了一周后，他去游泳消遣，享受在水中放松的乐趣。） |
| association | /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/ | n. | 联想 | The smell of fresh bread has a strong association with my childhood.（新鲜面包的气味让我强烈地联想到童年。） |
| species | /ˈspiʃiz/ | n. | 物种；种 | The guide identified three species of bird beside the lake.（导游辨认出了湖边的三种鸟。） |
| prohibit | /proʊˈhɪbɪt/ | v. | 禁止不准 | The museum rules prohibit touching paintings because skin oils can damage their surfaces.（博物馆规定禁止触摸画作，因为皮肤油脂会损坏画面。） |
| monstrous | /ˈmɑːnstrəs/ | adj. | 丑恶的 | Making children work all night was a monstrous injustice.（让孩子们工作一整夜是极其丑恶的不公。） |
| monitor | /ˈmɑːnɪtər/ | v. | 监测 | The nurse will monitor your heart during the test.（护士会在检查期间监测你的心脏状况。） |
| sympathy | /ˈsɪmpəθi/ | n. | 同情 | She felt sympathy for the boy who had lost his pet.（她对那个失去了宠物的男孩感到同情。） |
| numerous | /ˈnumərəs/ | adj. | 众多的；许多的 | Numerous birds gathered around the lake after the rain.（雨后，众多鸟儿聚集在湖边。） |
| cruel | /ˈkruːəl/ | adj. | 引起痛苦的 | Losing the final by one point was a cruel disappointment.（以一分之差输掉决赛，令人痛苦而失望。） |
| nest | /nest/ | n. | 鸟巢 | The bird built its nest from small sticks in the branches of the old tree.（那只鸟用小树枝在老树的枝杈间筑起了鸟巢。） |
| urban | /ˈɜrbən/ | adj. | 城市的 | The geography class compared urban housing with homes in nearby farming villages.（地理课比较了城市住房与附近农业村庄里的住宅。） |
| destruction | /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/ | n. | 毁灭 | The fire caused the destruction of the wooden hall.（火灾烧毁了木制礼堂。） |
| arouse | /əˈraʊz/ | v. | 唤起 | The strange marks on the stone began to arouse the pupils’ curiosity during their museum visit.（参观博物馆时，石头上的奇怪痕迹开始引起学生们的好奇。） |
| mineral | /ˈmɪnərəl/ | n. | 矿物 | The scientist identified the mineral in the rock by testing its chemical properties.（科学家测试了化学性质，辨认出岩石中的矿物。） |
| shortage | /ˈʃɔrtɪdʒ/ | n. | 短缺；不足 | The village faced a shortage of clean water.（村里面临洁净水短缺。） |
| extract | /ɪkˈstrækt/ | v. | 提取；提炼 | Scientists extract oil from these seeds.（科学家从这些种子中提取油。） |
| fetch | /fetʃ/ | v. | 卖得 | The old painting could fetch a high price.（这幅旧画可能卖得一个高价。） |
| expansion | /ɪkˈspænʃən/ | n. | 扩张；扩大 | The expansion of the school created room for another hundred pupils.（学校扩建后，又能容纳一百名学生。） |
| garlic | /ˈɡɑrlɪk/ | n. | 大蒜 | The cook cut garlic into small pieces and added it to the soup.（厨师把大蒜切成小块，加入汤里。） |
| legal | /ˈliɡəl/ | adj. | 合法的 | The shop checks that selling each product is legal here.（商店会核查，在这里销售每件产品是否合法。） |
| boundary | /ˈbaʊndəri/ | n. | 边界界限 | A low stone wall marks the boundary between our garden and the farmer's field.（一道矮石墙标出了我们花园和农田之间的边界。） |
| label | /ˈleɪbəl/ | n. | 标签；标记 | Read the label before washing the shirt.（洗衬衫前，请阅读标签。） |
| administration | /ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən/ | n. | 管理；行政 | She handles the administration of our local sports club.（她负责我们当地体育俱乐部的管理工作。） |
| handle | /ˈhændəl/ | v. | 处理 | Our teacher handled the conflict by listening to both students.（老师听了双方学生的话，以此处理这场冲突。） |
| input | /ˈɪnpʊt/ | n. | 投入 | The project needs a large input of time and money.（这个项目需要投入大量时间和资金。） |
| distract | /dɪˈstrækt/ | v. | 使分心 | Please do not distract me while I am reading.（我看书时，请不要让我分心。） |
| bat | /bæt/ | n. | 蝙蝠 | A bat flew out of the cave after dark.（天黑后，一只蝙蝠从洞穴里飞了出来。） |
| install | /ɪnˈstɔl/ | v. | 安装；设置 | The school installed new lights so children could read more easily.（学校安装了新灯，让孩子们能更轻松地阅读。） |
| circuit | /ˈsɝkɪt/ | n. | 电路 | The bulb lights up when the circuit is complete.（电路接通时，灯泡就会亮起来。） |
| automatically | /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/ | adv. | 自动地 | The doors open automatically when you walk towards them.（你走向这些门时，门就会自动打开。） |
| mud | /mʌd/ | n. | 泥浆 | There is mud on your shoes.（你的鞋上有泥浆。） |
| pretend | /prɪˈtend/ | v. | 假装 | He pretended to be asleep when he heard someone open the door.（他听到有人开门时，假装睡着了。） |
| teapot | /ˈtiˌpɑt/ | n. | 茶壶 | She poured water into the teapot, then replaced its lid and waited for the tea.（她把水倒进茶壶，盖回盖子，等茶泡好。） |
| chart | /tʃɑrt/ | n. | 图表 | The chart shows how much rain fell each month last year.（这张图表显示了去年每个月的降雨量。） |
| breeder | /ˈbriːdər/ | n. | 培育者 | The breeder showed us a new kind of rose.（那位培育者给我们看了一种新品种的玫瑰。） |
| protein | /ˈproʊtin/ | n. | 蛋白质 | The lesson examined the role of protein in the body.（这节课研究了蛋白质在人体中的作用。） |
| hostile | /ˈhɑstəl/ | adj. | 恶劣的 | Few plants can survive in such a hostile environment.（很少有植物能在这样恶劣的环境中生存。） |
| fertilizer | /ˈfɜrtəˌlaɪzər/ | n. | 肥料 | The farmer added fertilizer to improve the soil.（农民施了肥，改善土壤。） |
| basin | /ˈbeɪsən/ | n. | 盆地 | The town lies in a basin surrounded by mountains.（这座小镇位于群山环绕的盆地中。） |
| domestically | /dəˈmestɪkli/ | adv. | 在国内 | The company sells most of its products domestically.（这家公司的大部分产品都在国内销售。） |
| stock | /stɑːk/ | v. | 备货 | We stock fresh fruit for our customers every morning.（我们每天早晨都为顾客备好新鲜水果。） |
| tolerance | /ˈtɑːlərəns/ | n. | 容忍 | The teacher encouraged tolerance of different opinions.（老师鼓励宽容不同意见。） |
| diversity | /daɪˈvɜːrsəti/ | n. | 多样性 | The garden contained a rich diversity of plants.（花园里的植物种类丰富多样。） |
| dominance | /ˈdɑːmənəns/ | n. | 占支配地位 | The team maintained its dominance by winning every match this season.（这支队伍本赛季赢下了每场比赛，保持了优势地位。） |
| cuisine | /kwɪˈzin/ | n. | 菜系烹饪 | She learned about local cuisine by helping her host prepare dinner during her stay.（住在当地期间，她帮助主人准备晚饭，学习当地的烹饪方式。） |
| bakery | /ˈbeɪkəri/ | n. | 面包店 | The bakery sells warm bread and cakes made fresh each morning.（这家面包店卖每天早上新做的温热面包和蛋糕。） |
| damp | /dæmp/ | adj. | 潮湿的 | The towel was still damp when she took it from the washing line.（她把毛巾从晾衣绳上取下时，毛巾还有点湿。） |
| stream | /striːm/ | v. | 鱼贯而行 | Students began to stream out of the school gates after class.（下课后，学生们开始从校门鱼贯而出。） |
| fare | /fer/ | n. | 饭菜 | The hotel serves simple local fare.（这家旅馆供应简单的当地饭菜。） |
| ancestral | /ænˈsestrəl/ | adj. | 祖先的 | They returned to their ancestral home in the village.（他们回到了村里祖先的故居。） |
| ritual | /ˈrɪtʃuəl/ | n. | 仪式 | The school has a special ritual to welcome new students.（学校有一种特别的仪式来欢迎新生。） |
| marvel | /ˈmɑːrvəl/ | n. | 奇迹 | This bridge is a marvel of modern engineering.（这座桥是现代工程的奇迹。） |
| apparently | /əˈpærəntli/ | adv. | 看来 | She was apparently asleep, with her eyes closed.（她闭着眼睛，看来已经睡着了。） |
| pork | /pɔrk/ | n. | 猪肉 | She cooked pork with vegetables for dinner.（她做了猪肉配蔬菜当晚饭。） |
| outlet | /ˈaʊtlɛt/ | n. | 经销店 | The company opened a new outlet selling sports shoes.（这家公司新开了一家销售运动鞋的经销店。） |
| bacon | /ˈbeɪkən/ | n. | 培根熏肉 | She cooked slices of bacon with eggs for breakfast.（她做了培根片配鸡蛋当早餐。） |
| wipe out | /waɪp aʊt/ | phr. | 彻底摧毁 | A storm could wipe out the whole crop.（一场暴风雨可能会把全部庄稼毁掉。） |
| marine ecosystem | /məˈriːn ˈiːkoʊsɪstəm/ | phr. | 海洋生态系统 | Plastic waste can damage a marine ecosystem.（塑料垃圾会破坏海洋生态系统。） |
| for the sake of | /fər ðə seɪk əv/ | phr. | 为获得或保持 | We must work together for the sake of peace.（我们必须为保持和平而共同努力。） |
Unit 4 54 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| consultant | /kənˈsʌltənt/ | n. | 顾问 | The shop hired a consultant to suggest ways of reducing its electricity costs.（店铺请了顾问，建议降低电费的方法。） |
| faint | /feɪnt/ | adj. | 模糊的；微弱的 | We heard a faint sound from the next room.（我们听见隔壁房间传来微弱的声音。） |
| outline | /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ | n. | 轮廓 | She drew the outline of a leaf.（她画出了叶子的轮廓。） |
| hardware | /ˈhɑrdˌwɛr/ | n. | 计算机硬件 | The technician checked the computer’s hardware before installing new software.（技术人员安装新软件前，检查了电脑硬件。） |
| slight | /slaɪt/ | adj. | 轻微的 | There was a slight change in the water temperature after lunch.（午饭后，水温有了轻微变化。） |
| cord | /kɔrd/ | n. | 细绳；索 | He tied the parcel with a strong cord.（他用一根结实的细绳捆好包裹。） |
| inch | /ɪntʃ/ | n. | 英寸 | The worker cut an inch off the end of the board.（工人从木板末端截掉了一英寸。） |
| intervening | /ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ/ | adj. | 发生于其间的 | We met again in June and exchanged letters during the intervening months.（我们六月再次见面，在其间的几个月里通过信。） |
| premature | /ˌpriːməˈtʃʊr/ | adj. | 未成熟的 | The premature baby stayed in hospital for several weeks.（那个未发育成熟就出生的婴儿在医院住了几个星期。） |
| pipe | /paɪp/ | n. | 管子 | Water is flowing from a broken pipe under the kitchen floor.（水正从厨房地板下面一根破裂的管子里流出来。） |
| adolescent | /ˌædəˈlesənt/ | adj. | 青春期的 | Adolescent children often need more sleep as their bodies grow.（青春期的孩子在身体发育时往往需要更多睡眠。） |
| phase | /feɪz/ | n. | 阶段；时期 | The first phase of the project involves repairing the old bridge.（这个项目的第一阶段包括修缮旧桥。） |
| virtual | /ˈvɜrtʃuəl/ | adj. | 虚拟的 | The computer lets students explore a virtual village on its screen.（电脑让学生在屏幕上探索一座虚拟村庄。） |
| underlie | /ˌʌndərˈlaɪ/ | v. | 构成基础 | Trust and respect underlie a strong friendship.（信任和尊重构成牢固友谊的基础。） |
| bubble | /ˈbʌbəl/ | n. | 气泡 | A soap bubble floated above the sink.（一个肥皂泡飘在水槽上方。） |
| infer | /ɪnˈfɜr/ | v. | 推断推论 | We can infer the time from the length of the shadow.（我们可以根据影子长度推断时间。） |
| fuel | /ˈfjuəl/ | n. | 燃料 | The bus stopped because its engine had no fuel left.（公交车停了，因为发动机没有燃料了。） |
| domain | /doʊˈmeɪn/ | n. | 领域 | This question lies within the domain of science.（这个问题属于科学领域。） |
| hydrogen | /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ | n. | 氢 | The teacher explained that water contains hydrogen and oxygen, then showed us a diagram.（老师解释水含有氢和氧，然后给我们看了一张示意图。） |
| mode | /moʊd/ | n. | 方式；模式 | Switch the camera to night mode before taking pictures outside.（在外面拍照前，把相机切换到夜间模式。） |
| broadcast | /ˈbrɔːdkæst/ | v. | 播送 | The radio station broadcasts local news every morning.（这家广播电台每天早晨播送本地新闻。） |
| concrete | /ˈkɑŋkrit/ | adj. | 具体明确的 | Please give a concrete example of how the new bus service will help families.（请举一个具体例子，说明新的公交服务将如何帮助各个家庭。） |
| hatch | /hætʃ/ | v. | 密谋；策划 | The children hatched a plan to surprise their teacher.（孩子们秘密策划了一个给老师惊喜的计划。） |
| acid | /ˈæsɪd/ | n. | 酸 | Lemon juice contains an acid that gives it a sour taste.（柠檬汁含有一种酸，因此有酸味。） |
| generator | /ˈdʒenəreɪtər/ | n. | 发电机 | The generator supplied electricity when the main power failed.（主电源故障时，发电机提供了电力。） |
| telescope | /ˈtɛləˌskoʊp/ | n. | 望远镜 | Through the telescope, we could see moon mountains that our eyes alone could not distinguish.（透过望远镜，我们能看到月球上的山，仅靠眼睛却分辨不出。） |
| precede | /prɪˈsiːd/ | v. | 先于 | A short introduction will precede the main talk.（主题演讲之前会有一段简短的介绍。） |
| drug | /drʌɡ/ | n. | 药物 | The doctor explained how the drug treats the disease before answering the patient’s questions.（医生解释了这种药物如何治疗疾病，然后回答了病人的问题。） |
| breast | /brest/ | n. | 乳房 | The nurse explained how milk is produced in the breast.（护士解释了乳房如何产生乳汁。） |
| expertise | /ˌekspɜːrˈtiːz/ | n. | 专门知识 | We need someone with expertise in computer design.（我们需要一位有计算机设计专门知识的人。） |
| leisure | /ˈliːʒər/ | n. | 闲暇 | She spends her leisure reading and painting.（她闲暇时读书、画画。） |
| premier | /prɪˈmɪr/ | n. | 总理首相 | The country’s premier presented the government’s budget and answered questions about the proposed spending.（这个国家的总理提交政府预算，并回答关于拟议支出的问题。） |
| distribute | /dɪˈstrɪbjut/ | v. | 分发；分配 | The teacher distributed the books among the children before class.（老师在课前把书分发给了孩子们。） |
| inappropriate | /ˌɪnəˈproʊpriət/ | adj. | 不适当的 | Those shoes are inappropriate for a long mountain walk.（那双鞋不适合长时间的山地徒步。） |
| recognition | /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/ | n. | 识别 | Recognition came when she heard his familiar voice.（听到他熟悉的声音时，她认出了他。） |
| clone | /kloʊn/ | v. | 克隆 | Scientists can clone some plants from a single cell.（科学家可以用单个细胞克隆某些植物。） |
| gravity | /ˈɡrævəti/ | n. | 重力引力 | The teacher dropped a ball to show how gravity pulls objects towards the earth.（老师让一只球落下，展示重力如何把物体拉向地面。） |
| assess | /əˈsɛs/ | v. | 评估评定 | The engineer assessed the damage before deciding whether the old bridge could safely open again.（工程师评估损坏程度后，才决定旧桥能否安全地重新开放。） |
| directory | /dəˈrektəri/ | n. | 姓名地址录 | She found the hospital's telephone number in the directory and called to arrange a visit.（她在电话号码簿里找到医院电话，打过去安排探访。） |
| demonstrate | /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt/ | v. | 说明；论证 | The teacher will demonstrate how to use the microscope.（老师将演示如何使用显微镜。） |
| invest | /ɪnˈvɛst/ | v. | 投入；投资 | The company invested money in making its factory safer for workers.（公司投入资金，让工厂对工人更安全。） |
| upgrade | /ˈʌpɡreɪd/ | n. | 升级 | The computer needs an upgrade to run the new software.（这台电脑需要升级才能运行新软件。） |
| orbit | /ˈɔrbɪt/ | n. | 运行轨道 | The diagram showed the moon’s orbit as a path around the earth.（图示把月球的运行轨道画成了围绕地球的一条路径。） |
| universe | /ˈjunəˌvɜrs/ | n. | 宇宙 | The universe contains all the stars, planets, and space between them.（宇宙包含所有恒星、行星以及它们之间的空间。） |
| vast | /væst/ | adj. | 广阔的；巨大的 | The map shows a vast forest stretching beyond the village.（地图上显示，村庄那边有一片广阔的森林。） |
| proceed | /prəˈsid/ | v. | 继续进行 | After a short break, the teacher proceeded with the lesson.（短暂休息后，老师继续上课。） |
| seed | /sid/ | n. | 种子 | She planted a seed in damp soil and watched a tiny shoot appear days later.（她把一粒种子种进湿土，几天后看到一小根嫩芽冒出来。） |
| groundbreaking | /ˈɡraʊndbreɪkɪŋ/ | adj. | 开创性的 | The team made a groundbreaking discovery about how plants grow.（团队对植物如何生长作出了开创性的发现。） |
| astronaut | /ˈæstrəˌnɔt/ | n. | 宇航员 | The astronaut practiced repairing machines before her journey into space.（那位宇航员在太空之旅前练习了修理机器。） |
| accomplishment | /əˈkɑːmplɪʃmənt/ | n. | 成就 | Finishing her first novel was a major accomplishment.（完成第一部小说是她的一项重大成就。） |
| tin cup | /ˈtɪn kʌp/ | phr. | 锡杯 | He filled his tin cup with water from the bottle.（他用瓶里的水装满了自己的锡杯。） |
| pave the way | /peɪv ðə weɪ/ | phr. | 铺平道路 | These talks could pave the way for a new agreement.（这些会谈可能为达成一项新协议铺平道路。） |
| Hong Kong | /ˌhɑŋ ˈkɑŋ/ | n. | 香港 | She sent us photographs of Hong Kong after arriving there for her new job.（她到香港开始新工作后，给我们寄来了当地的照片。） |
| Sierra Leone | /siˌerə liˈoʊn/ | phr. | 塞拉利昂 | My friend comes from Sierra Leone.（我的朋友来自塞拉利昂。） |