消了个词

人教版 选择性必修 第一册英语单词表

人教版 选择性必修 第一册英语单词，按 5 个单元整理，共 357 个词，附音标、中文释义和例句。可以直接对照课本复习，也可以打开消了个词按单元闯关练习。

Unit 1 73 个词

单词音标词性释义例句
physiology/ˌfɪziˈɑlədʒi/n.生理学In physiology, we learn how the human body works.（在生理学中，我们学习人体如何运作。）
artemisinin/ˌɑrtɪˈmɪsɪnɪn/n.青蒿素Our science teacher told us about the discovery of artemisinin.（我们的科学老师给我们讲了青蒿素的发现。）
crucial/ˈkruːʃəl/adj.至关重要的Her careful planning played a crucial role in the exhibition’s success.（她周密的计划对展览的成功发挥了关键作用。）
malaria/məˈleriə/n.打摆子The doctor tested her for malaria after she developed a fever.（她发烧后，医生为她做了疟疾检测。）
vital/ˈvaɪtəl/adj.至关重要的Sharing information was vital to completing the group project on time.（分享信息对于按时完成小组项目至关重要。）
committed/kəˈmɪtɪd/adj.尽心尽力的The club needs committed volunteers who can help every week.（俱乐部需要每周都能来帮忙的尽心尽力的志愿者。）
commit/kəˈmɪt/v.承诺Will you commit to helping us every Saturday?（你愿意承诺每个星期六都来帮助我们吗？）
commit oneself to/kəˈmɪt wʌnˈself tə/phr.承诺I have committed myself to helping at the library every weekend.（我已承诺每个周末到图书馆帮忙。）
academy/əˈkædəmi/n.研究院；学会The academy brings together scientists from many countries.（这个学会汇集了来自许多国家的科学家。）
academic/ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/adj.学术的Her academic results improved after she began studying in the library every afternoon.（她开始每天下午在图书馆学习后，学业成绩提高了。）
objective/əbˈdʒɛktɪv/n.目标；目的Our first objective is to collect enough books for the library.（我们的首要目标是为图书馆收集足够的书。）
botanical/bəˈtænɪkəl/adj.植物学的The botanical garden keeps plants from different climates in separate areas with suitable temperatures.（植物园把来自不同气候的植物分区种植，维持适宜温度。）
evaluate/ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt/v.评估评价Teachers evaluated the new reading programme by comparing pupils’ progress before and after its introduction.（老师们比较新阅读计划实施前后学生的进步情况，评估这项计划。）
property/ˈprɑːpərti/n.性质；特性One useful property of glass is that light can pass through it.（玻璃的一项实用特性是能透光。）
distinct/dɪˈstɪŋkt/adj.不同的；明显的Each bird makes a distinct sound that we can easily identify.（每种鸟都发出一种我们容易辨认的独特叫声。）
extract/ˈekstrækt/n.提取物Add a little vanilla extract to the cake mixture.（在蛋糕混合料中加入少许香草提取物。）
wormwood/ˈwɜːrmwʊd/n.洋艾The gardener planted wormwood near the wall.（园丁在墙边种了洋艾。）
boil/bɔɪl/v.煮沸烧开Boil the water before pouring it into the pot of tea.（先把水烧开，再倒进茶壶。）
liquid/ˈlɪkwɪd/n.液体She poured the clear liquid into a glass and watched it settle.（她把透明液体倒入玻璃杯，看着它静止下来。）
obtain/əbˈteɪn/v.获得She obtained permission to use the school hall for our concert.（她获得了使用学校礼堂举办我们音乐会的许可。）
acknowledge/əkˈnɑlɪdʒ/v.承认认可She acknowledged her mistake and offered to replace the broken bowl.（她承认了自己的错误，并提出把那个破碗换掉。）
defeat/dɪˈfiːt/n.失败The team suffered a narrow defeat in the final.（这支队伍在决赛中以微弱差距落败。）
analyze/ˈænəˌlaɪz/v.分析We analyzed the survey results to understand students' reading habits.（我们分析了调查结果，了解学生的阅读习惯。）
apparently/əˈpærəntli/adv.看来She was apparently asleep, with her eyes closed.（她闭着眼睛，看来已经睡着了。）
substance/ˈsʌbstəns/n.物质The white substance in this bowl is salt, not sugar.（这个碗里的白色物质是盐，不是糖。）
insist/ɪnˈsɪst/v.坚持要求Dad insisted that we wear helmets before riding our bicycles.（爸爸坚持要求我们骑自行车前戴头盔。）
insist on/ɪnˈsɪst ɑn/phr.坚决要求We insist on a full explanation for the delay.（我们坚决要求对延误作出完整解释。）
scientific/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/adj.科学的The scientific report explains how different plants respond to cold weather.（这份科学报告解释了不同植物对寒冷天气的反应。）
mostly/ˈmoʊstli/adv.大部分地The audience was mostly children, with a few parents sitting behind them.（观众大多是孩子，后面坐着少数家长。）
wear and tear/ˌwer ən ˈter/phr.磨损The wooden floor shows signs of wear and tear.（木地板显现出磨损的痕迹。）
conclusion/kənˈkluʒən/n.结论Our conclusion was that the plants needed more water, not light.（我们的结论是植物需要更多的水，而不是光。）
penicillin/ˌpenɪˈsɪlɪn/n.青霉素Penicillin was an important discovery in the history of medicine.（青霉素是医学史上的一项重要发现。）
flee/fli/v.逃跑逃离Families had to flee the village when river water entered their homes at night.（夜里河水涌进家中时，各家人不得不逃离村庄。）
circumstance/ˈsɜrkəmˌstæns/n.情况条件Given the circumstances, including heavy rain, we decided to postpone the picnic.（考虑到包括大雨在内的情况，我们决定推迟野餐。）
novelist/ˈnɑvəlɪst/n.小说家The novelist spent three years writing a story about a family living by the sea.（这位小说家花了三年时间，创作一个海边人家的故事。）
novel/ˈnɑːvəl/n.小说The novel describes a village and the people living there.（这部小说描写了一个村庄和住在那里的人们。）
flow/floʊ/n.流动We watched the steady flow of water through the pipe.（我们看着水不断地流过管道。）
chart/tʃɑrt/n.图表The chart shows how much rain fell each month last year.（这张图表显示了去年每个月的降雨量。）
flow chart/ˈfloʊ tʃɑrt/phr.流程图This flow chart shows how paper is recycled.（这张流程图展示了纸张是如何回收利用的。）
found/faʊnd/v.创办建立They founded a reading club to help children borrow and share books.（他们创办了一个读书会，帮助孩子们借书和分享书籍。）
infer/ɪnˈfɜr/v.推断推论We can infer the time from the length of the shadow.（我们可以根据影子长度推断时间。）
politician/ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃən/n.政治家The retired politician described her years of representing the town in government.（这位退休女政治家讲述了她在政府中代表这个城镇的岁月。）
numerous/ˈnumərəs/adj.众多的；许多的Numerous birds gathered around the lake after the rain.（雨后，众多鸟儿聚集在湖边。）
theory/ˈθɪri/n.理论The course teaches the theory behind how buildings carry heavy loads.（这门课程教授建筑物承受重物背后的理论。）
relativity/ˌrɛləˈtɪvəti/n.相对论The physics course introduced the theory of relativity.（物理课程介绍了相对论。）
formula/ˈfɔrmjələ/n.公式；方程式Use this formula to calculate the area of the circle.（用这个公式计算圆的面积。）
genius/ˈdʒinjəs/n.天才能力Her early music showed remarkable creative genius.（她早期的音乐作品展现了非凡的创作天赋。）
gentle/ˈdʒɛntəl/adj.温和的；温柔的The gentle nurse spoke quietly while helping the scared child.（温柔的护士帮助害怕的孩子时轻声说话。）
patent/ˈpætənt/n.专利权Her patent allowed her to control who could make and sell the new device.（她的专利权让她能决定谁可以制造和销售这种新装置。）
passion/ˈpæʃən/n.热情His passion for cooking led him to open a small restaurant.（他对烹饪的热爱促使他开了一家小餐馆。）
doctorate/ˈdɑːktərət/n.博士学位She earned a doctorate in chemistry after years of research.（经过多年的研究，她获得了化学博士学位。）
extraordinary/ɪkˈstrɔrdəˌneri/adj.非同寻常的Her extraordinary memory allowed her to remember every name after meeting the group only once.（她的记忆力非同寻常，只与这群人见过一次面，就记住了每个人的名字。）
gradually/ˈɡrædʒuəli/adv.逐渐地The sky gradually became brighter as the sun rose behind the hills.（太阳从山丘后升起时，天空渐渐变亮。）
photoelectric/ˌfoʊtoʊɪˈlektrɪk/adj.光电的We studied the photoelectric effect in our science class.（我们在科学课上学习了光电效应。）
come to power/kʌm tə ˈpaʊər/phr.开始掌权She came to power in the company after its founder retired.（公司创始人退休后，她开始掌权。）
institution/ˌɪnstəˈtuʃən/n.公共机构The institution provides free lessons and meals for children whose families struggle with school fees.（这家机构为家里难以负担学费的孩子提供免费课程和餐食。）
institute/ˈɪnstəˌtut/n.研究所学院The research institute opened a laboratory where scientists study earthquakes and changes beneath the ground.（研究所开设了一个实验室，科学家在那里研究地震和地下变化。）
consequence/ˈkɑnsəkwɛns/n.后果Missing the bus was a consequence of leaving home too late.（错过公交车是出门太晚的后果。）
take up a position/teɪk ʌp ə pəˈzɪʃən/phr.任职She will take up a position at the local library next month.（她下个月将在当地图书馆任职。）
moustache/ˈmʌstæʃ/n.上唇胡子His thick moustache covered his upper lip and moved whenever he spoke.（他浓密的上唇胡须盖住上唇，每当他说话时都会随之移动。）
peculiarity/pɪˌkjuliˈærəti/n.特点One peculiarity of this house is its round windows.（这栋房子的一个特点是窗户是圆的。）
encounter/ɪnˈkaʊntər/v.偶遇You may encounter old friends at the village festival.（你可能在乡村节庆活动中偶遇老朋友。）
professor/prəˈfɛsər/n.教授The professor teaches history at the university beside the lake.（这位教授在湖边的大学教历史。）
sum up/sʌm ʌp/phr.总结；概括Please sum up your ideas in two sentences.（请用两句话概括你的想法。）
mourn/mɔrn/v.哀悼悲伤The villagers mourned the doctor who had died after serving their community for decades.（那位为村里服务数十年的医生去世后，村民们哀悼他。）
remarkable/rɪˈmɑrkəbəl/adj.非凡的；引人注目的The pupils made remarkable progress in reading.（学生的阅读取得了显著进步。）
device/dɪˈvaɪs/n.方法The writer uses humor as a device to keep readers interested.（这位作家把幽默作为吸引读者兴趣的方法。）
sum/sʌm/v.概括；总结Could you sum up the main points of our discussion?（你能概括一下我们讨论的要点吗？）
draft/dræft/n.草稿；草案She asked her teacher to read the first draft of her essay.（她请老师读一读她文章的初稿。）
SARS/sɑːrz/n.非典The students read a report about SARS.（学生们读了一篇关于非典的报告。）
Switzerland/ˈswɪtsərlənd/n.瑞士He marked Switzerland on the map before explaining his journey through the mountains.（他先在地图上标出瑞士，再讲解自己的山区旅程。）
Swiss/swɪs/adj.瑞士的The museum displays a Swiss clock with a small bird that appears every hour.（博物馆陈列着一座瑞士钟，每小时都会出现一只小鸟。）
Jewish/ˈdʒuːɪʃ/adj.犹太人的The museum has a collection of Jewish art.（这家博物馆收藏了一批犹太艺术作品。）

Unit 2 76 个词

单词音标词性释义例句
phrase/freɪz/n.短语；词组The phrase "by the river" tells us where the house stands.（短语“在河边”告诉我们房子的位置。）
persuade/pərˈsweɪd/v.说服She persuaded her father to rest after his long day at work.（父亲工作了漫长的一天后，她说服他休息。）
switch/swɪtʃ/v.转换We decided to switch from paper maps to a phone app.（我们决定从纸质地图转用手机应用。）
switch off/swɪtʃ ɔːf/phr.关掉Please switch off the light before you leave.（离开前请关掉灯。）
distant/ˈdɪstənt/adj.遥远的From the hill, we could see a distant village far across the valley.（从山丘上，我们能看到远在山谷另一端的一个遥远村庄。）
secure/sɪˈkjʊr/adj.安全的；牢靠的The museum keeps its most valuable books in a secure room.（博物馆把最珍贵的书存放在一个安全的房间里。）
knob/nɑːb/n.旋钮Turn the knob to make the music louder.（转动旋钮，把音乐调大声些。）
appliance/əˈplaɪəns/n.器具；家电The shop assistant demonstrated a kitchen appliance that mixed ingredients and heated soup in the same container.（店员展示了一种厨房电器，能在同一个容器里混合食材、加热汤。）
remote/rɪˈmoʊt/adj.远程的The robot can be operated by remote control.（这个机器人可以通过远程控制来操作。）
remote control/rɪˌmoʊt kənˈtroʊl/n.遥控器Pass me the remote control so I can turn down the television.（把遥控器递给我，让我把电视音量调低。）
air conditioner/ˈɛr kənˌdɪʃənər/phr.空调设备Please turn on the air conditioner; the room is hot.（请打开空调设备，房间里很热。）
automatic/ˌɔtəˈmætɪk/adj.自动的The automatic doors opened when we reached the library.（我们走到图书馆时，自动门开了。）
integrated/ˈɪntəɡreɪtɪd/adj.密切协调的The city needs an integrated transport system linking buses and trains.（这座城市需要一套各部分密切协调、连接公交与火车的交通系统。）
integrate/ˈɪntəˌɡreɪt/v.整合；合为一体We need to integrate the three separate reports into one clear account of the project.（我们需要把三份独立报告整合成一份清晰的项目说明。）
sensor/ˈsensər/n.传感器A sensor turns on the light when someone enters the room.（有人进入房间时，传感器就会打开灯。）
efficient/ɪˈfɪʃənt/adj.效率高的The efficient machine cleans more bottles while using less water.（这台高效机器用更少的水清洗更多的瓶子。）
mode/moʊd/n.方式；模式Switch the camera to night mode before taking pictures outside.（在外面拍照前，把相机切换到夜间模式。）
routine/ruˈtin/n.常规；惯常程序Reading before bed is part of my older brother's daily routine.（睡前阅读是我哥哥每天固定会做的事之一。）
daily routine/ˈdeɪli ruːˈtiːn/phr.日常生活Reading before bed is part of my daily routine.（睡前阅读是我日常生活的一部分。）
preference/ˈprefərəns/n.偏爱Her preference for quiet rooms led her to choose the smallest hotel outside town.（她偏爱安静的房间，因此选择了城外最小的酒店。）
instant/ˈɪnstənt/n.瞬间刹那For an instant, she thought she saw a familiar face among the strangers arriving.（有那么一瞬间，她觉得抵达的陌生人里有一张熟悉的面孔。）
command/kəˈmænd/n.命令The dog sat down at her command.（狗听到她的命令便坐下了。）
obey/oʊˈbeɪ/v.服从All visitors must obey the museum’s rule against taking photographs.（所有来访者都必须遵守博物馆禁止拍照的规定。）
warning/ˈwɔrnɪŋ/n.警告预警The warning on the gate told visitors about holes in the path beside the lake.（大门上的警告提醒来访者注意湖边小路上的坑洞。）
constant/ˈkɑnstənt/adj.不断的；持续的The constant noise outside made it hard to read quietly.（外面持续的噪音让人很难安静地阅读。）
early on/ˈɜːrli ɑːn/phr.在初期We discovered the problem early on in the project.（我们在项目初期就发现了这个问题。）
abnormal/æbˈnɔrməl/adj.反常的The abnormal temperature led us to check the equipment again.（异常的温度让我们再次检查设备。）
critical/ˈkrɪtɪkəl/adj.严重的The patient is still in a critical condition.（这位病人的病情仍然很严重。）
cancer/ˈkænsər/n.癌；癌症The doctor explained that cancer can affect different parts of the body.（医生解释说，癌症可能影响身体的不同部位。）
potentially/pəˈtenʃəli/adv.可能地This small change could potentially save us hours of work.（这个小改动可能会为我们节省数小时的工作时间。）
potential/pəˈtenʃəl/adj.潜在的We discussed the potential problems before starting the project.（开始项目之前，我们讨论了潜在的问题。）
leak/lik/v.渗漏Water leaked through a crack in the tank and spread across the floor.（水从水箱的裂缝中漏出，流到地板上。）
electrical/ɪˈlektrɪkəl/adj.电气的An electrical fault left the building without power until an engineer repaired the damaged wires.（电气故障使整栋楼停电，直到工程师修好了损坏的电线。）
wiring/ˈwaɪərɪŋ/n.电线线路The wiring in this old house needs replacing.（这栋老房子里的电线线路需要更换。）
wire/ˈwaɪər/n.电线The worker replaced the damaged wire that carried power to the kitchen light.（工人更换了给厨房灯供电的那根受损电线。）
detect/dɪˈtɛkt/v.察觉；侦测到The machine can detect tiny cracks inside the metal.（这台机器能探测金属内部的细小裂纹。）
relevant/ˈrɛləvənt/adj.有关的；切题的Only include facts relevant to the accident when writing your report.（写报告时，只列入与事故有关的事实。）
catch fire/kætʃ ˈfaɪr/phr.着火Dry grass can catch fire easily in hot weather.（天气炎热时，干草很容易着火。）
fantasy/ˈfæntəsi/n.幻想想象His fantasy of sharing a castle with talking animals became the basis of a story.（他幻想与会说话的动物同住一座城堡，这成了一个故事的基础。）
innovation/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/n.创新The company encourages innovation by giving staff time to explore new ideas.（公司给员工时间探索新想法，以此鼓励创新。）
available/əˈveɪləbəl/adj.可获得的Free maps are available inside the museum.（博物馆内有免费地图可以领取。）
in this sense/ɪn ðɪs sens/phr.从这种意义讲Learning changes how we think; in this sense, it changes who we are.（学习改变我们的思考方式；从这种意义上讲，它改变了我们自身。）
nevertheless/ˌnevərðəˈles/adv.尽管如此The climb was difficult; nevertheless, we reached the summit.（攀登很困难；尽管如此，我们还是到了山顶。）
structure/ˈstrʌktʃər/n.结构；构造The model shows the structure of the bridge and its supporting parts.（模型展示了桥梁的结构及其支撑部件。）
security/sɪˈkjʊrəti/n.安全保障The museum improved security by checking visitors’ bags before they entered the galleries.（博物馆在访客进入展厅前检查包袋，以加强安全保障。）
crime/kraɪm/n.犯罪罪行Stealing another person’s bicycle is a crime.（偷别人的自行车是犯罪行为。）
combine/kəmˈbaɪn/v.结合；联合Combine the two groups so everyone can join the game.（把两组合在一起，好让所有人都能参加游戏。）
nanobot/ˈnænoʊbɑːt/n.纳米机器人The scientist designed a nanobot to carry medicine inside the body.（这位科学家设计了一种在体内运送药物的纳米机器人。）
artificial/ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl/adj.人造的The artificial flowers looked real, but they were made completely of plastic.（这些人造花看起来像真的，但完全由塑料制成。）
artificial intelligence/ˌɑrtɪˈfɪʃəl ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/phr.人工智能This translation tool uses artificial intelligence to understand speech.（这个翻译工具利用人工智能来理解语音。）
clone/kloʊn/v.克隆Scientists can clone some plants from a single cell.（科学家可以用单个细胞克隆某些植物。）
predict/prɪˈdɪkt/v.预测Scientists use weather data to predict when rain will arrive.（科学家利用天气数据预测雨何时会来。）
prediction/prɪˈdɪkʃən/n.预测His prediction of rain was based on the dark clouds.（他根据乌云做出了会下雨的预测。）
forecast/ˈfɔrˌkæst/v.预测预报The scientists forecast rain after studying the clouds and changes in air pressure.（科学家研究云层和气压变化后，预报会下雨。）
occupation/ˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃən/n.职业工作The form asked for his occupation, so he wrote that he was a carpenter.（表格要求填写职业，所以他写下自己是木匠。）
oppose/əˈpoʊz/v.反对对抗The neighbours opposed the plan because it would remove the only playground nearby.（邻居们反对这个计划，因为它会拆掉附近唯一的游乐场。）
hence/hɛns/adv.因此；所以The road was blocked; hence, we returned to the village.（道路受阻，因此我们返回了村庄。）
cease/sis/v.停止；终止Work must cease when the warning light appears, and staff should wait for the engineer’s instructions.（警示灯亮起时，工作必须停止，员工应等候工程师的指示。）
deceased/dɪˈsiːst/adj.亡故的The museum displayed letters written by the deceased artist.（博物馆展出了那位亡故艺术家写的信。）
absence/ˈæbsəns/n.缺乏；没有The absence of rain has left the fields dry.（由于没有降雨，田地变得干燥。）
rural/ˈrʊrəl/adj.乡村的The school serves several rural villages.（这所学校服务于几个乡村村落。）
advocate/ˈædvəˌkeɪt/v.提倡拥护At the meeting, she advocated longer library hours to support people working during the day.（会上，她倡议延长图书馆开放时间，帮助白天工作的人。）
emphasis/ˈɛmfəsɪs/n.强调；重点Our coach places great emphasis on helping every child improve.（我们的教练特别重视帮助每个孩子进步。）
luxury/ˈlʌɡʒəri/n.奢侈；奢侈品The hotel offered a level of luxury we had never experienced.（这家酒店提供的奢华享受，是我们从未体验过的。）
keep in touch/kiːp ɪn tʌtʃ/phr.保持联系We keep in touch by email.（我们通过电子邮件保持联系。）
career/kəˈrɪr/n.职业；生涯She began her career as a teacher in a small village.（她在一个小村庄开始了教师生涯。）
resistance/rɪˈzɪstəns/n.反抗；抵抗The proposal met strong resistance from local families.（这项提议遭到了本地家庭的强烈抵制。）
prospect/ˈprɑːspekt/n.前景The prospect of a new job excited her.（有望获得一份新工作，这让她很兴奋。）
resist/rɪˈzɪst/v.抵抗She resisted pressure to copy answers during the test.（她顶住了考试时抄答案的压力。）
paragraph/ˈpærəˌɡræf/n.段落Write a paragraph about your family, starting on a new line.（写一段关于你家人的文字，另起一行。）
signpost/ˈsaɪnpoʊst/n.路标The signpost points towards the village.（路标指向村庄。）
essay/ˈɛseɪ/n.短文；随笔We wrote an essay about the best way to help our village.（我们写了一篇短文，讨论帮助村子的最佳方法。）
accurate/ˈækjərət/adj.准确的The clock gives us an accurate time for the race.（这个钟为比赛提供了准确的时间。）
librarian/laɪˈbreriən/n.图书管理员The librarian helped me find a book by checking the library catalogue.（图书管理员查阅目录，帮我找到一本书。）
Christian/ˈkrɪstʃən/n.基督徒A Christian from our town answered students' questions about the history of his church.（一位来自我们镇的基督徒回答了学生们关于他所在教会历史的问题。）
the Amish/ˈɑːmɪʃ/phr.阿曼门诺派The textbook introduces the Amish as a religious group known for simple living.（这本教材介绍阿曼门诺派是以朴素生活著称的宗教群体。）

Unit 3 68 个词

单词音标词性释义例句
buffet/ˈbʌfɪt/v.连续猛击Strong winds buffeted the windows all night.（强风整夜连续猛击着窗户。）
cloth/klɔθ/n.布织物She bought cotton cloth to make a summer dress.（她买了棉布来做一条夏季连衣裙。）
edge/edʒ/n.边缘Keep your glass away from the edge of the table.（把你的玻璃杯放得离桌子边缘远些。）
valley/ˈvæli/n.山谷The river flows through a valley between two mountains.（这条河流经两座山之间的山谷。）
vast/væst/adj.广阔的；巨大的The map shows a vast forest stretching beyond the village.（地图上显示，村庄那边有一片广阔的森林。）
glacier/ˈɡleɪʃər/n.冰川The glacier moves slowly down the mountain.（冰川沿着山体缓慢向下移动。）
reindeer/ˈreɪnˌdɪr/n.驯鹿The reindeer walks across the snow.（驯鹿走过雪地。）
territory/ˈtɛrəˌtɔri/n.领土；地区The map showed the country’s territory.（地图显示了那个国家的领土。）
ban/bæn/v.禁止取缔The library bans loud phone conversations to keep the reading rooms quiet.（图书馆禁止大声打电话，以保持阅览室安静。）
boundary/ˈbaʊndəri/n.边界界限A low stone wall marks the boundary between our garden and the farmer's field.（一道矮石墙标出了我们花园和农田之间的边界。）
cottage/ˈkɑtɪdʒ/n.乡间小屋The cottage beside the lake had two bedrooms and a small kitchen facing the garden.（湖边小屋有两间卧室，小厨房朝向花园。）
visible/ˈvɪzəbəl/adj.可见的；看得见的The village tower is visible from our classroom window.（从教室窗户能看到村里的塔。）
on the move/ɑn ðə muːv/phr.在行进中The walking group was on the move again after a short rest.（步行小组短暂休息后又开始行进了。）
accompany/əˈkʌmpəni/v.陪同陪伴Her father accompanied her to the hospital and waited while she spoke to the doctor.（父亲陪她去医院，在她和医生交谈时等着。）
adopt/əˈdɑːpt/v.采用；采纳Our teacher decided to adopt a new teaching method.（我们的老师决定采用一种新的教学方法。）
sour/saʊər/adj.酸的The lemon tasted too sour to eat without sugar.（柠檬太酸，不加糖吃不下。）
set out/set aʊt/phr.出发We set out for the village before breakfast.（我们在早饭前出发前往村庄。）
bless/blɛs/v.祝福保佑In the story, a woman asks God to bless the children with peaceful lives.（故事里，一位女士祈求上帝保佑孩子们一生平安。）
live off/lɪv ɔːf/phr.依靠……生活She earns enough from writing to live off her books.（她写作收入充足，足以靠自己的书维持生活。）
prohibition/ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən/n.禁止The prohibition of smoking indoors helps protect our health.（禁止在室内吸烟有助于保护我们的健康。）
journalist/ˈdʒɝːnəlɪst/n.记者The journalist interviewed local farmers for a newspaper report about the dry summer.（这位记者采访了当地农民，为报纸撰写关于这个干旱夏天的报道。）
sneeze/sniz/v.打喷嚏She sneezed when dust from the old book rose into the air.（旧书上的灰尘扬到空中时，她打了喷嚏。）
teapot/ˈtiˌpɑt/n.茶壶She poured water into the teapot, then replaced its lid and waited for the tea.（她把水倒进茶壶，盖回盖子，等茶泡好。）
prohibit/proʊˈhɪbɪt/v.禁止不准The museum rules prohibit touching paintings because skin oils can damage their surfaces.（博物馆规定禁止触摸画作，因为皮肤油脂会损坏画面。）
label/ˈleɪbəl/v.用标签标明Please label each box with its contents.（请用标签标明每个箱子里装的东西。）
cream/krim/n.奶油；乳脂Mum poured fresh cream over the strawberries before serving them.（妈妈端出草莓前，在上面浇了鲜奶油。）
leopard/ˈlepərd/n.豹The leopard rested on a thick branch.（那只豹在一根粗树枝上休息。）
stretch/strɛtʃ/v.延伸The road stretches from our village to the sea.（这条路从我们村延伸到海边。）
rewarding/rɪˈwɔːrdɪŋ/adj.值得做的Helping younger children learn to read is rewarding.（帮助年幼的孩子学习阅读是值得做的。）
bush/bʊʃ/n.灌木丛A small bird built its nest among the low branches of a bush.（一只小鸟在灌木低矮的枝条间筑了巢。）
lung/lʌŋ/n.肺The doctor pointed to the lung on a diagram and explained how breathing works.（医生指着示意图上的肺，解释呼吸如何进行。）
cycle/ˈsaɪkəl/n.自行车He left his cycle beside the garden gate.（他把自行车停在了花园门旁。）
corridor/ˈkɔːrɪdər/n.狭长地带A narrow corridor of land connects the two regions.（一条狭长地带连接着这两个地区。）
pedal/ˈpedəl/n.脚踏板Keep both feet on the pedals while you ride.（骑车时双脚都要放在脚踏板上。）
fountain/ˈfaʊntən/n.喷泉The fountain sent water high above the pool in the town square.（镇广场上的喷泉把水喷到水池上方高处。）
route/rut/n.行进路线The map showed the shortest route to the station.（地图显示了前往车站的最短路线。）
ahead/əˈhɛd/adv.在前面；向前Walk straight ahead until you reach the bridge.（一直向前走，直到桥边。）
theme/θim/adj.主题性的We spent the afternoon at a theme park based on space travel.（我们在一座以太空旅行为主题的主题公园度过了下午。）
theme park/ˈθim pɑrk/phr.主题公园The theme park has rides shaped like boats.（这座主题公园有做成船形的游乐设施。）
roller coaster/ˈroʊlər ˌkoʊstər/phr.过山车We rode the roller coaster twice at the park.（我们在游乐场坐了两次过山车。）
incredible/ɪnˈkrɛdəbəl/adj.极好的The band gave an incredible performance last night.（乐队昨晚的表演极为出色。）
appeal/əˈpil/v.吸引The idea of working outdoors appeals to me.（在户外工作的想法吸引着我。）
pirate/ˈpaɪrət/n.海盗The child dressed as a pirate for the school play.（那个孩子在学校的戏剧演出中扮成海盗。）
adorable/əˈdɔrəbəl/adj.可爱极了的The baby looks adorable in that little hat.（那个宝宝戴着那顶小帽子，看起来可爱极了。）
wander/ˈwɑndər/v.闲逛漫游We wandered through the old town without choosing a fixed path.（我们没有选定固定路线，在老镇里闲逛。）
appeal to/əˈpil tu/phr.有吸引力These colorful books appeal to young readers.（这些色彩鲜艳的书对小读者很有吸引力。）
amusement/əˈmjuzmənt/n.娱乐消遣She brought cards for our amusement during the long train journey.（她带了纸牌，供我们在漫长的火车旅途中消遣。）
amuse/əˈmjuz/v.提供消遣We brought some games to amuse the children during the journey.（我们带了些游戏，供孩子们在旅途中消遣。）
enormous/ɪˈnɔːrməs/adj.巨大的The storm left an enormous tree across the road.（风暴过后，一棵巨树横在道路上。）
swing/swɪŋ/v.弧线转动The gate swung open when she pushed it.（她一推，大门就转开了。）
iron/ˈaɪɚn/n.铁This old gate is made of iron.（这扇旧大门是铁做的。）
fashion/ˈfæʃən/n.时尚The museum traced changes in fashion through old clothes.（博物馆通过旧衣追溯了服装时尚的变化。）
rare/rɛr/adj.罕见的；稀有的This bird is rare; only a few live on the island.（这种鸟很稀少，岛上只有几只。）
steam/stim/n.水蒸气Steam rose from the boiling kettle and clouded the window above the sink.（水壶里的水沸腾，水汽升起，让水槽上方的窗户蒙上雾。）
superb/suːˈpɝːb/adj.极好的The chef prepared a superb meal that every guest praised for its fresh taste.（厨师准备了一顿极佳的饭菜，每位客人都称赞其新鲜滋味。）
aquarium/əˈkwɛriəm/n.水族馆We watched the fish swim at the aquarium.（我们在水族馆观看了游动的鱼。）
up to/ˈʌp tə/phr.至多The room can hold up to twenty people.（这个房间至多能容纳二十人。）
polar/ˈpoʊlər/adj.极地的Few plants can grow in polar regions.（很少有植物能在极地地区生长。）
upside down/ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/adj.上下颠倒的The picture on the wall is upside down.（墙上的画上下颠倒了。）
splendid/ˈsplendɪd/adj.壮丽的A splendid palace stood above the river.（一座壮丽的宫殿矗立在河流上方。）
display/dɪˈspleɪ/n.展览There is a display of old toys in the museum.（博物馆里有一个旧玩具展览。）
appetite/ˈæpɪtaɪt/n.食欲The long walk gave us a healthy appetite, and we finished every dish at dinner.（长时间步行让我们胃口很好，晚饭时吃完了每道菜。）
entertainment/ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/n.娱乐消遣The festival offered entertainment for families, including music, stories, and a short comedy performance.（节庆活动为家庭提供了音乐、故事和短篇喜剧表演等娱乐节目。）
column/ˈkɑləm/n.栏；列Write your name in the first column of the table.（把你的名字写在表格的第一栏。）
Sami/ˈsɑːmi/n.萨米人A Sami told us about her family’s life in northern Sweden.（一位萨米人向我们讲述了她家在瑞典北部的生活。）
Sweden/ˈswidən/n.瑞典Our geography book has a chapter about Sweden and its lakes.（我们的地理书有一章介绍瑞典及其湖泊。）
the Arctic Circle/ˈɑːktɪk/phr.北极圈The Arctic Circle marks the southern boundary of the northern polar region.（北极圈标示出北极地区的南部边界。）
Siberian/saɪˈbɪriən/adj.西伯利亚的Some Siberian birds fly south for the winter.（一些西伯利亚的鸟类飞往南方过冬。）

Unit 4 72 个词

单词音标词性释义例句
interaction/ˌɪntərˈækʃən/n.相互作用The teacher encouraged interaction between the two groups by asking them to solve a problem together.（老师请两个小组一起解决一道问题，以此鼓励他们互动。）
vary/ˈvɛri/v.变化；不同The price of these vegetables varies with the season.（这些蔬菜的价格随季节变化。）
appropriate/əˈproʊpriət/adj.合适的；恰当的Wear shoes that are appropriate for walking in the mountains.（穿适合在山里走路的鞋。）
by contrast/baɪ ˈkɑːntræst/phr.相比之下My room is small; by contrast, my sister has plenty of space.（我的房间很小；相比之下，我姐姐有很宽敞的空间。）
approve/əˈpruːv/v.赞成；同意My parents approve of my plan to study art.（我父母赞成我学习美术的计划。）
demonstrate/ˈdemənstreɪt/v.表现；表露She demonstrated great patience with the younger children.（她对年幼的孩子们表现出极大的耐心。）
gesture/ˈdʒɛstʃər/n.手势With a gesture towards the empty chair, she invited me to sit.（她向空椅子做了个手势，请我坐下。）
witness/ˈwɪtnəs/v.目击Several passengers witnessed the accident from the bus.（几名乘客从公共汽车上目击了那起事故。）
employ/ɪmˈplɔɪ/v.使用；运用We employ simple tools to measure the room.（我们使用简单的工具来测量房间。）
identical/aɪˈdentɪkəl/adj.完全相同的The two keys looked identical.（两把钥匙看起来一模一样。）
interpret/ɪnˈtɜrprət/v.解释阐释How do you interpret the final sentence of the story?（你如何解释故事的最后一句话？）
differ/ˈdɪfər/v.不同；相异These two shirts differ in colour but have the same size.（这两件衬衫颜色不同，但尺码相同。）
by comparison/baɪ kəmˈpærəsən/phr.相比较The city is noisy, but our village is quiet by comparison.（那座城市很嘈杂，而相比较之下，我们村很安静。）
cheek/tʃik/n.脸颊Her cheeks turned red after running across the playground.（跑过操场后，她的脸颊变红了。）
favour/ˈfeɪvər/v.较喜欢I favour the blue dress over the red one.（比起红色连衣裙，我更喜欢蓝色的那件。）
bow/baʊ/v.鞠躬The actors bowed to the audience after the final song.（最后一首歌结束后，演员们向观众鞠躬。）
waist/weɪst/n.腰部She tied a belt around her waist to keep the loose trousers in place.（她把腰带系在腰间，以便固定宽松的裤子。）
make inferences/meɪk ˈɪnfərənsɪz/phr.推理；推断We can make inferences from the clues in this story.（我们可以根据这个故事中的线索进行推断。）
break down/breɪk daʊn/phr.消除Shared activities help break down barriers between students.（共同活动有助于消除学生之间的隔阂。）
barrier/ˈbæriər/n.屏障障碍A metal barrier blocked the road, preventing cars from entering the work area.（一道金属屏障挡住了路，阻止汽车进入施工区域。）
fake/feɪk/adj.假装的He gave a fake smile to hide his disappointment.（他露出假装的笑容来掩饰失望。）
anger/ˈæŋɡər/n.愤怒He took a deep breath to control his anger.（他深呼吸来控制怒气。）
reliable/rɪˈlaɪəbəl/adj.可靠可信的Our reliable neighbour always watered the plants as promised while we were away.（我们不在家时，那位可靠的邻居总会按承诺给植物浇水。）
incident/ˈɪnsɪdənt/n.事件The incident began when a dog entered the classroom during our lesson.（这件事是从一只狗在上课时走进教室开始的。）
trial/ˈtraɪəl/n.审判During the trial, witnesses described what they had seen before the judge announced a decision.（庭审期间，目击者先描述所见情况，再由法官宣布判决。）
slight/slaɪt/adj.轻微的There was a slight change in the water temperature after lunch.（午饭后，水温有了轻微变化。）
slightly/ˈslaɪtli/adv.稍微This box is slightly heavier than that one.（这个箱子比那个稍微重一点。）
twin/twɪn/adj.双胞胎的My twin sister and I share a bedroom.（我的双胞胎姐妹和我共用一间卧室。）
nonverbal/ˌnɑːnˈvɜːrbəl/adj.非言语的Eye contact is an important part of nonverbal communication.（眼神接触是非言语交流的重要组成部分。）
assessment/əˈsɛsmənt/n.评估评价Our assessment of water quality included tests for substances that could harm human health.（我们对水质的评估包括检测可能危害人体健康的物质。）
assess/əˈsɛs/v.评估评定The engineer assessed the damage before deciding whether the old bridge could safely open again.（工程师评估损坏程度后，才决定旧桥能否安全地重新开放。）
internal/ɪnˈtɜrnəl/adj.内部的；内在的The guide showed us the internal rooms of the old building.（导游给我们看了旧楼内部的房间。）
straighten up/ˈstreɪtən ʌp/phr.直起身来After picking up the bag, he began to straighten up.（捡起包后，他开始直起身来。）
slump/slʌmp/v.垂头弯腰After the long walk, he slumped in his chair.（走了很长一段路后，他垂头弯腰地坐在椅子里。）
pose/poʊz/n.故作姿态His interest in art was only a pose to impress his friends.（他对艺术的兴趣只是用来打动朋友的故作姿态。）
bend/bɛnd/v.弯曲She bent a thin stick into a circle for her model.（她把一根细棍弯成圆圈，用来做模型。）
reveal/rɪˈviːl/v.揭示The letter revealed why she had left the village so suddenly.（那封信揭示了她为何如此突然地离开村庄。）
clarify/ˈklærəˌfaɪ/v.澄清阐明Please clarify your instructions so everyone knows exactly what to do.（请阐明你的指示，让每个人都确切知道该做什么。）
in other words/ɪn ˈʌðər wɝdz/phr.换句话说The shop is closed; in other words, we cannot buy anything.（商店关门了；换句话说，我们什么也买不了。）
educator/ˈedʒəˌkeɪtər/n.教育工作者The educator developed lessons that helped children learn through questions rather than simply copying facts.（这位教育工作者设计课程，帮助孩子通过提问学习，而不只是抄写事实。）
tick/tɪk/v.打钩标记Tick each box beside the tools you have checked before closing the room.（关闭房间前，在已检查的工具旁逐一勾选。）
tendency/ˈtɛndənsi/n.倾向趋势His tendency to hurry caused mistakes whenever the work required careful attention.（他做事容易匆忙，工作需要细心时就会因此出错。）
lower/ˈloʊɚ/v.降低；放低Please lower the box gently to the floor.（请把箱子轻轻放低，放到地板上。）
imply/ɪmˈplaɪ/v.意味着Being older does not necessarily imply being wiser.（年龄更大并不一定意味着更有智慧。）
barely/ˈbɛrli/adv.几乎不We barely caught the last train, stepping aboard just before the doors closed.（我们在车门关闭前才登上车，勉强赶上了末班火车。）
chin/tʃɪn/n.下巴The child lifted his chin so the nurse could examine the small mark beneath his mouth.（孩子抬起下巴，让护士能够检查他嘴下面的小印记。）
occupy/ˈɑkjəˌpaɪ/v.占据；占有These boxes occupy most of the room.（这些箱子占了房间的大部分空间。）
stare/stɛr/v.盯着看She stared at the painting for several minutes, hardly moving while she studied its details.（她盯着画看了几分钟，研究细节时几乎一动不动。）
ceiling/ˈsiːlɪŋ/n.天花板Water fell from the ceiling onto our table after a pipe broke upstairs.（楼上的一根水管破裂后，水从天花板落到我们的桌子上。）
distract/dɪˈstrækt/v.使分心Please do not distract me while I am reading.（我看书时，请不要让我分心。）
perceive/pərˈsiv/v.感知；察觉I perceived a slight change in her voice when she mentioned the missing letter.（她提到那封失踪的信时，我察觉到她声音中细微的变化。）
distinguish/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/v.区分I can distinguish the twins by their voices, even when they wear the same clothes.（我能靠声音区分这对双胞胎，即使他们穿一样的衣服。）
anxiety/æŋˈzaɪəti/n.焦虑；忧虑She felt anxiety while waiting for her exam results.（等待考试成绩时，她感到焦虑。）
chest/tʃest/n.胸部He held the book against his chest.（他把书抱在胸前。）
embarrassed/ɪmˈbærəst/adj.尴尬的He felt embarrassed when he forgot his teacher's name during the introduction.（介绍时忘了老师的名字，他感到难堪。）
ashamed/əˈʃeɪmd/adj.惭愧羞愧的He felt ashamed after telling his friend a lie and decided to admit the truth.（他对朋友说谎后感到羞愧，决定承认真相。）
merely/ˈmɪrli/adv.仅仅只不过The noise was merely the wind moving a loose window, not someone entering the house.（那声音只是风吹动了松动的窗户，并不是有人进屋。）
call on/kɔːl ɑːn/phr.短暂拜访We called on our former teacher during the holiday.（假期里，我们短暂拜访了以前的老师。）
bother/ˈbɑðər/v.费心Do not bother to cook tonight; we have plenty of leftovers.（今晚不用费心做饭了；我们有很多剩菜。）
weep/wip/v.哭泣She began to weep when the old letter reminded her of her late father.（那封旧信使她想起已故的父亲，她开始流泪。）
at work/æt ˈwɜːrk/phr.有某种影响Several different factors are at work in this problem.（这个问题中有几种不同因素在起作用。）
conflict/ˈkɑnflɪkt/n.冲突；抵触There was a conflict between the two groups about sharing the room.（两组人就共用房间发生了冲突。）
enquire/ɪnˈkwaɪr/v.询问；探询I called the library to enquire about the opening hours during the school holidays.（我打电话给图书馆，询问学校假期期间的开放时间。）
ultimately/ˈʌltəmətli/adv.最终We tried several plans, but ultimately chose the simplest one.（我们尝试了几个方案，但最终选择了最简单的一个。）
adjust/əˈdʒʌst/v.调整；调节Adjust the chair so your feet rest on the floor.（调整椅子，让双脚放在地板上。）
intervene/ˌɪntərˈvin/v.干预；介入The teacher had to intervene when the argument became angry.（争论变得激烈时，老师不得不介入。）
react/riˈækt/v.反应；回应The baby reacted to the loud noise by covering his ears.（婴儿听到很大的声响，便捂住耳朵作出反应。）
component/kəmˈpoʊnənt/n.组成部件This small component connects the two larger parts of the machine.（这个小部件连接着机器的两个较大部分。）
tone/toʊn/n.语气；音调Her calm tone helped the scared child feel safe.（她平静的语气让受惊的孩子感到安全。）
Brazil/brəˈzɪl/n.巴西My cousin lives in Brazil and plays football every weekend.（我表哥住在巴西，每个周末都踢足球。）
Bulgaria/bʌlˈɡɛriə/n.保加利亚She traveled to Bulgaria during her summer holiday.（她暑假期间去保加利亚旅行了。）
Albania/ælˈbeɪniə/n.阿尔巴尼亚We visited a small coastal town in Albania last summer.（去年夏天，我们去了阿尔巴尼亚的一个沿海小镇。）

Unit 5 68 个词

单词音标词性释义例句
hybrid/ˈhaɪbrɪd/n.杂交植物This rose is a hybrid of two different types.（这株玫瑰是两个不同品种的杂交植物。）
devote/dɪˈvoʊt/v.奉献致力She devoted Saturday mornings to helping new students practise reading in the village library.（她把周六上午的时间专门用于帮助新学生在村图书馆练习阅读。）
devote ... to/dɪˈvoʊt ... tə/phr.把……用于I devote an hour to reading every evening.（我每天晚上把一个小时用于阅读。）
shortage/ˈʃɔrtɪdʒ/n.短缺；不足The village faced a shortage of clean water.（村里面临洁净水短缺。）
tackle/ˈtækəl/v.对付；处理We tackled the rubbish problem by placing more bins near the beach.（我们在海滩附近增设垃圾桶，着手解决垃圾问题。）
crisis/ˈkraɪsɪs/n.危机；关键时刻The town faced a water crisis after its main supply failed.（主要供水系统故障后，小镇面临用水危机。）
boost/buːst/v.提高The new reading programme aims to boost the number of books pupils finish each term.（新的阅读计划旨在提高学生每学期读完的书本数量。）
yield/jiːld/n.产量The rice yield was higher this year because of the warm weather.（由于天气温暖，今年的水稻产量更高。）
convince/kənˈvɪns/v.使信服The clear photographs convinced us that her account was true.（清晰的照片让我们相信她的叙述是真实的。）
characteristic/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/n.特点A long neck is a characteristic of this bird.（长脖子是这种鸟的一个特点。）
attain/əˈteɪn/v.达到获得She attained the required level of English after years of study and regular conversation practice.（经过多年学习和经常对话练习，她达到了所需的英语水平。）
conventional/kənˈvenʃənəl/adj.惯常传统的She rejected conventional rows of desks and arranged the classroom seats in a circle.（她没有采用常规的成排桌位，而是把教室座位摆成一圈。）
pollinate/ˈpɑːləneɪt/v.授粉Bees pollinate many of the flowers in our garden.（蜜蜂给我们花园里的许多花授粉。）
assumption/əˈsʌmpʃən/n.假设假定Her assumption that everyone owned a computer proved wrong when several families explained their difficulties.（她假定每个人都有电脑，几户人家说明困难后，这个假定被证实是错的。）
intense/ɪnˈtɛns/adj.强烈的；剧烈的The intense heat made everyone look for a seat in the shade.（强烈的暑热让大家都想在阴凉处找座位。）
overcome/ˌoʊvərˈkʌm/v.克服；战胜She has overcome her fear of water and learned to swim.（她已经克服了对水的恐惧，学会了游泳。）
expand/ɪkˈspænd/v.扩大；扩展The school plans to expand its library to include a reading room.（学校计划扩建图书馆，增加一间阅览室。）
output/ˈaʊtˌpʊt/n.产量输出量The factory’s daily output rose from fifty chairs to eighty after new machines arrived.（新机器运来后，工厂的日产量从五十把椅子增加到了八十把。）
estimate/ˈɛstəmeɪt/v.估计Estimate the number of books before choosing boxes to carry them.（选箱子装书之前，先估计一下书的数量。）
domestic/dəˈmestɪk/adj.国内的The airport separates domestic flights from international flights.（机场把国内航班与国际航班分开。）
consumption/kənˈsʌmpʃən/n.消耗；消费The new lights reduced the school’s electricity consumption.（新灯减少了学校的用电量。）
comprise/kəmˈpraɪz/v.包括；由…组成The museum’s collection comprises photographs, letters, and tools that reveal how families once lived in the valley.（博物馆的馆藏包括照片、信件和工具，展现了山谷里的人家从前如何生活。）
generate/ˈdʒenəreɪt/v.产生The wind farm generates electricity for the school building.（这座风力发电场为校舍发电。）
be comprised of/bi kəmˈpraɪzd əv/phr.由……组成The team is comprised of six students and two teachers.（这个团队由六名学生和两名老师组成。）
strain/streɪn/n.品系This strain of wheat grows well in dry soil.（这一品系的小麦在干燥的土壤中长得很好。）
leisure/ˈliːʒər/n.闲暇She spends her leisure reading and painting.（她闲暇时读书、画画。）
deep down/diːp daʊn/phr.在内心深处Deep down, she knew she had made the right choice.（在内心深处，她知道自己做出了正确的选择。）
soil/sɔɪl/n.土壤The worker added fresh soil before planting the young tree.（工人种小树前添了新土壤。）
celebrity/səˈlɛbrəti/n.名望Her first novel brought her unexpected celebrity.（她的第一部小说给她带来了意想不到的名望。）
envision/ɪnˈvɪʒən/v.展望We envision a future in which every child can attend school.（我们展望一个每个孩子都能上学的未来。）
sorghum/ˈsɔːrɡəm/n.高粱The farmers grow sorghum in the dry fields.（农民们在干旱的田地里种植高粱。）
broom/brum/n.扫帚He used a broom to sweep dry leaves off the kitchen floor.（他用扫帚把厨房地板上的干树叶扫走。）
grain/ɡreɪn/n.谷物谷粒The farmer stored grain from the wheat harvest in a dry building behind the house.（农民把收割的小麦谷粒存放在房屋后面一栋干燥的建筑里。）
vision/ˈvɪʒən/n.想象She had a vision of herself living in a house by the sea.（她想象着自己住在海边一所房子里的情景。）
reality/riˈæləti/n.现实实在The reality of the damaged village was very different from the cheerful reports.（受损村庄的真实情况，与那些乐观报道大不相同。）
salty/ˈsɔlti/adj.咸的The soup tasted salty because he added too much salt.（他加了太多盐，汤尝起来很咸。）
urban/ˈɜrbən/adj.城市的The geography class compared urban housing with homes in nearby farming villages.（地理课比较了城市住房与附近农业村庄里的住宅。）
bomb/bɑm/n.炸弹The history book describes how a bomb damaged the railway during the war.（历史书描述了一枚炸弹如何在战争中损毁铁路。）
tunnel/ˈtʌnəl/n.隧道The train went through a long tunnel.（火车穿过了一条长隧道。）
extension/ɪkˈstɛnʃən/n.延长；扩展部分The teacher allowed an extension of two days for the report.（老师允许报告的提交时间延长两天。）
chemical/ˈkemɪkəl/adj.化学的The science class studied chemical changes that happen when food cooks.（科学课学习了食物烹饪时发生的化学变化。）
wheat/wit/n.小麦The farmer examined the wheat before deciding whether the grain was ready to harvest.（农民检查了小麦，才决定谷粒是否已经可以收获。）
flavor/ˈfleɪvɚ/n.风味Fresh fruit gives this cake a sweet flavor.（新鲜水果给这个蛋糕增添了甜甜的风味。）
fertilizer/ˈfɜrtəˌlaɪzər/n.肥料The farmer added fertilizer to improve the soil.（农民施了肥，改善土壤。）
nutritional/nuˈtrɪʃənəl/adj.营养的The label gives nutritional information about the food.（标签提供了这种食品的营养信息。）
nutritious/nuˈtrɪʃəs/adj.营养丰富的Beans are cheap and nutritious.（豆类既便宜又营养丰富。）
nutrition/nuˈtrɪʃən/n.营养The class studied nutrition by comparing how different animals take in and use food.（全班通过比较不同动物如何摄取和利用食物，学习了营养过程。）
alleviate/əˈliviˌeɪt/v.减轻；缓解A short rest can alleviate the pain in your back.（短暂休息可以缓解背部疼痛。）
poverty/ˈpɑvərti/n.贫困；贫穷Many families lived in poverty and could not afford enough food or warm clothes.（许多家庭生活贫困，买不起充足的食物和保暖衣物。）
organic/ɔːrˈɡænɪk/adj.有机的The farm grows organic vegetables without artificial fertilizers.（这家农场不用人工化肥，种植有机蔬菜。）
pesticide/ˈpestɪsaɪd/n.农药；杀虫剂The farm uses less pesticide than it did before.（这家农场使用的农药比以前少了。）
widespread/ˈwaɪdˌsprɛd/adj.分布广泛的The storm caused widespread damage, with broken roofs reported in towns across the whole region.（这场风暴造成大范围破坏，整个地区的多个城镇都报告了屋顶受损。）
bacterium/bækˈtɪriəm/n.细菌We saw a bacterium through a microscope in science class.（我们在理科课上通过显微镜看到了一个细菌。）
in turn/ɪn tɝn/phr.相应地Reading improves your writing, which in turn helps you express ideas clearly.（阅读能提高写作能力，而这相应地有助于你清晰地表达想法。）
digest/daɪˈdʒest/v.消化The doctor explained why her body struggled to digest the food after the operation.（医生解释了她的身体为什么在手术后难以消化食物。）
essential/ɪˈsɛnʃəl/adj.必不可少的Clean water is essential for keeping these young plants alive.（干净的水对维持这些幼小植物的生命必不可少。）
mineral/ˈmɪnərəl/n.矿物The scientist identified the mineral in the rock by testing its chemical properties.（科学家测试了化学性质，辨认出岩石中的矿物。）
alternative/ɔlˈtɜrnətɪv/n.替代物；备选方案The bus was full, so we needed an alternative.（公交车满了，所以我们需要另一个出行选择。）
grocery/ˈɡroʊsəri/n.食品杂货店The grocery on our street sells fresh bread and vegetables.（我们街上的食品杂货店出售新鲜面包和蔬菜。）
instance/ˈɪnstəns/n.例子This instance shows how working together can solve a difficult problem.（这个例子表明合作怎样解决难题。）
for instance/fər ˈɪnstəns/phr.例如Some animals, for instance rabbits, have long ears.（有些动物，例如兔子，长着长耳朵。）
depth/depθ/n.深度The sign beside the pool shows its depth so people can choose a suitable area.（泳池旁的标牌标出水深，让人们选择合适区域。）
root/ruːt/n.植物根The plant’s thick root reached deep into the soil to find water.（植物粗壮的根伸进深深的土里寻找水分。）
entirely/ɪnˈtaɪrli/adv.完全地The house is made entirely of wood.（这栋房子完全是用木头建的。）
aspect/ˈæspɛkt/n.方面；层面Safety is an important aspect of planning a school trip.（安全是规划学校旅行的一个重要方面。）
Vietnam/ˌviːetˈnɑːm/n.越南My aunt visited Vietnam last summer.（我姑姑去年夏天去了越南。）
LED/ˌel iː ˈdiː/n.发光二极管A green LED shows that the battery is charging.（一个绿色发光二极管亮起，表示电池正在充电。）
DDT/ˌdiː diː ˈtiː/n.滴滴涕The textbook describes how DDT was once used on farms.（课本介绍了滴滴涕过去如何被用于农场。）