外研版 选择性必修 第四册英语单词表
外研版 选择性必修 第四册英语单词，按 6 个单元整理，共 233 个词，附音标、中文释义和例句。可以直接对照课本复习，也可以打开消了个词按单元闯关练习。
UNIT 1 38 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| take action | /teɪk ˈækʃən/ | phr. | 采取行动 | We must take action to save water.（我们必须采取行动节约用水。） |
| boyhood | /ˈbɔɪhʊd/ | n. | 少年时代 | He spent his boyhood in a small village.（他在一个小村庄度过了少年时代。） |
| ambition | /æmˈbɪʃən/ | n. | 抱负 | Her ambition is to become a doctor and help children.（她的志向是成为医生，帮助孩子们。） |
| trainee | /ˌtreɪˈniː/ | n. | 受训人员 | Each trainee works with an experienced member of staff.（每名受训人员都与一位经验丰富的员工一起工作。） |
| correspondent | /ˌkɔrəˈspɑndənt/ | n. | 通讯员；驻地记者 | The newspaper sent a correspondent to report on the town’s flood.（报社派了一名记者报道镇上的洪灾。） |
| bullfighting | /ˈbʊlfaɪtɪŋ/ | n. | 斗牛 | The museum has a room about the history of bullfighting.（博物馆有一个展室介绍斗牛的历史。） |
| historical | /hɪˈstɔrɪkəl/ | adj. | 历史的 | The museum displays historical objects from life two hundred years ago.（博物馆展出与两百年前生活有关的历史文物。） |
| detective | /dɪˈtektɪv/ | n. | 侦探 | The detective asked witnesses where they had been when the painting disappeared from the museum.（侦探询问目击者，画作从博物馆失踪时他们在哪里。） |
| ultimately | /ˈʌltəmətli/ | adv. | 最终 | We tried several plans, but ultimately chose the simplest one.（我们尝试了几个方案，但最终选择了最简单的一个。） |
| dot | /dɑt/ | n. | 点；圆点 | Put a red dot beside each correct answer.（在每个正确答案旁边标一个红点。） |
| backward | /ˈbækwərd/ | adv. | 向后 | He stepped backward to give the woman more room to pass.（他向后退了一步，给那位女士多让出些通行空间。） |
| admission | /ədˈmɪʃən/ | n. | 准入接纳 | She gained admission to the university after passing its entrance examination.（通过入学考试后，她获得了这所大学的入学资格。） |
| make up one's mind | /meɪk ʌp wʌnz maɪnd/ | phr. | 下定决心 | I cannot make up my mind about which book to buy.（我拿不定主意该买哪本书。） |
| pass up | /pæs ʌp/ | phr. | 放弃机会 | Do not pass up the chance to study abroad.（不要放弃出国学习的机会。） |
| have second thoughts | /hæv ˌsekənd ˈθɔts/ | phr. | 犹豫 | I have second thoughts about moving so far from home.（对于搬到离家那么远的地方，我有些犹豫。） |
| put off | /pʊt ɔf/ | phr. | 推迟 | We had to put off the picnic because of the rain.（因为下雨，我们不得不推迟野餐。） |
| reject... out of hand | /rɪˈdʒekt aʊt əv hænd/ | phr. | 坚决拒绝 | Do not reject the idea out of hand before hearing the details.（听到详细情况前，不要就断然否决这个想法。） |
| weigh up | /weɪ ʌp/ | phr. | 权衡；斟酌 | We need to weigh up the costs before buying a car.（买车前，我们需要仔细权衡费用。） |
| participation | /pɑːrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən/ | n. | 参与 | The club encourages participation in local sports events.（俱乐部鼓励大家参与当地的体育赛事。） |
| complex | /ˈkɑmplɛks/ | adj. | 复杂的 | The map looked complex, but our teacher explained each part clearly.（地图看起来很复杂，但老师清楚地解释了每个部分。） |
| diverge | /daɪˈvɜːrdʒ/ | v. | 分叉岔开 | The two paths diverge just beyond the bridge.（这两条小路在刚过桥的地方分叉。） |
| undergrowth | /ˈʌndərɡroʊθ/ | n. | 林下灌木丛 | A small bird disappeared into the undergrowth beneath the trees.（一只小鸟消失在树下的灌木丛中。） |
| numerous | /ˈnumərəs/ | adj. | 众多的；许多的 | Numerous birds gathered around the lake after the rain.（雨后，众多鸟儿聚集在湖边。） |
| commercial | /kəˈmɝʃəl/ | n. | 商业广告 | A commercial interrupted the television programme.（一则商业广告打断了电视节目。） |
| thoughtful | /ˈθɔtfəl/ | adj. | 深思的 | She looked thoughtful as she considered the question.（她考虑这个问题时显得若有所思。） |
| symbolise | /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/ | v. | 象征；代表 | These flowers symbolise love and friendship.（这些花象征着爱与友谊。） |
| alternative | /ɔlˈtɜrnətɪv/ | n. | 替代物；备选方案 | The bus was full, so we needed an alternative.（公交车满了，所以我们需要另一个出行选择。） |
| dilemma | /dɪˈlemə/ | n. | 两难困境 | She faced a dilemma: miss work or leave her sick mother without help.（她面临两难：不去上班，还是让生病的妈妈无人照料。） |
| arise | /əˈraɪz/ | v. | 由……引起 | Many mistakes arise from a lack of sleep.（许多错误是由睡眠不足引起的。） |
| circumstance | /ˈsɜrkəmˌstæns/ | n. | 情况条件 | Given the circumstances, including heavy rain, we decided to postpone the picnic.（考虑到包括大雨在内的情况，我们决定推迟野餐。） |
| mixture | /ˈmɪkstʃər/ | n. | 混合 | The mixture of old and new styles gives the town its charm.（新旧风格的混合赋予了这座小镇独特的魅力。） |
| affection | /əˈfɛkʃən/ | n. | 喜爱钟爱 | His affection for the old dog showed in the gentle way he spoke to it.（他对老狗温柔的说话方式流露出喜爱之情。） |
| qualified | /ˈkwɑːlɪfaɪd/ | adj. | 有资质的 | Only qualified teachers can apply for this job.（只有有资质的教师才能申请这份工作。） |
| fluency | /ˈfluənsi/ | n. | 流利流畅 | Daily conversations improved her fluency, so she could speak longer without searching for words.（每天交谈提高了她的语言流利程度，让她能连续说更久，不必想该用什么词。） |
| sincerely | /sɪnˈsɪrli/ | adv. | 真诚地 | He sincerely thanked the neighbours who had helped his family after the fire.（他真诚地感谢火灾后帮助过家人的邻居。） |
| yours sincerely | /jʊrz sɪnˈsɪrli/ | phr. | 谨上 | She ended her letter with "Yours sincerely".（她在信末写了“谨上”。） |
| refreshments | /rɪˈfrɛʃmənts/ | n. | 茶点便餐 | The hosts served refreshments, including tea and small cakes, during the break.（休息期间，主人们端上了茶点，包括茶和小蛋糕。） |
| shift | /ʃɪft/ | n. | 当班时间 | My shift at the hospital starts at seven.（我在医院的当班时间从七点开始。） |
UNIT 2 24 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| be reunited with | /bi ˌriːjuˈnaɪtɪd wɪð/ | phr. | 与……重聚 | She was reunited with her family after a year abroad.（在国外待了一年后，她与家人重聚了。） |
| weaken | /ˈwikən/ | v. | 削弱；变弱 | The illness could weaken his muscles.（疾病可能使他的肌肉变弱。） |
| pessimistic | /ˌpɛsəˈmɪstɪk/ | adj. | 悲观的 | He was pessimistic about the weather and expected rain to spoil the picnic.（他对天气很悲观，预计下雨会破坏野餐。） |
| anticipate | /ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt/ | v. | 预料；预期 | We anticipate heavy traffic, so we will leave before breakfast.（我们预计交通会很拥挤，所以会在早饭前出发。） |
| possession | /pəˈzeʃən/ | n. | 财物 | The old watch was her most treasured possession.（那块旧手表是她最珍爱的财物。） |
| abnormal | /æbˈnɔrməl/ | adj. | 反常的 | The abnormal temperature led us to check the equipment again.（异常的温度让我们再次检查设备。） |
| widespread | /ˈwaɪdˌsprɛd/ | adj. | 分布广泛的 | The storm caused widespread damage, with broken roofs reported in towns across the whole region.（这场风暴造成大范围破坏，整个地区的多个城镇都报告了屋顶受损。） |
| recognition | /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/ | n. | 承认；认可 | The new course gained recognition from several universities.（这门新课程获得了几所大学的认可。） |
| phrase | /freɪz/ | n. | 成语；习语 | The phrase "better late than never" encourages people to keep trying.（“迟做总比不做好”这句习语鼓励人们继续尝试。） |
| cooperate | /koʊˈɑpəˌreɪt/ | v. | 合作；配合 | The pupils cooperate to carry the heavy table safely.（学生们合作，安全地搬运那张沉重的桌子。） |
| fee | /fiː/ | n. | 费用 | The swimming fee includes lessons and use of the changing rooms.（游泳费用包括课程和更衣室的使用。） |
| university fees | /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti fiːz/ | phr. | 大学学费 | She works during the summer to pay her university fees.（她暑假打工来支付大学学费。） |
| outstretched | /ˌaʊtˈstrɛtʃt/ | adj. | 张开的；伸开的 | She ran toward her father with outstretched arms.（她张开双臂向父亲跑去。） |
| cram | /kræm/ | v. | 挤满 | We crammed all our clothes into one small bag.（我们把所有衣服都挤进了一个小包里。） |
| pure | /pjʊr/ | adj. | 纯的 | This ring is pure gold, with no other metals mixed in.（这枚戒指是纯金的，没有混入其他金属。） |
| transparent | /trænsˈpærənt/ | adj. | 透明的 | The transparent glass allowed us to see the roots growing inside the container.（透明玻璃让我们能看见容器里生长的根。） |
| vexed | /vɛkst/ | adj. | 恼火的 | She looked vexed when the printer stopped working again.（打印机又出故障时，她显得很恼火。） |
| absurd | /əbˈsɜrd/ | adj. | 荒谬的 | It would be absurd to buy a boat when we live far from any water.（我们住得离所有水域都很远，买船会很荒唐。） |
| lean | /liːn/ | v. | 倚靠 | She leaned against the wall while waiting for the bus.（她等公交车时倚靠在墙上。） |
| madame | /məˈdɑːm/ | n. | 女士（法语） | The waiter said, "Your table is ready, madame."（服务员说：“女士，您的餐桌准备好了。”） |
| stroke | /stroʊk/ | v. | 抚摸 | She stroked the cat's back while it slept beside her.（猫睡在她身边时，她轻抚着它的背。） |
| instinctively | /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪvli/ | adv. | 本能地 | She instinctively reached out to catch the falling cup.（她本能地伸手去接掉落的杯子。） |
| despair | /dɪˈspɛr/ | n. | 绝望 | She felt despair when every attempt to save the old garden failed.（挽救老花园的尝试全部失败后，她感到绝望。） |
| luxury | /ˈlʌɡʒəri/ | n. | 奢侈；奢侈品 | The hotel offered a level of luxury we had never experienced.（这家酒店提供的奢华享受，是我们从未体验过的。） |
UNIT 3 36 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gateway | /ˈɡeɪtweɪ/ | n. | 门户 | Education can be a gateway to better jobs.（教育可以成为通向更好工作机会的门户。） |
| oasis | /oʊˈeɪsɪs/ | n. | 绿洲 | We found water at an oasis in the desert.（我们在沙漠中的一片绿洲找到了水。） |
| glorious | /ˈɡlɔriəs/ | adj. | 光荣的；荣耀的 | The team celebrated its glorious victory after years of hard training.（经过多年的艰苦训练，队伍庆祝了光荣的胜利。） |
| boast | /boʊst/ | v. | 自豪地拥有 | The town boasts a beautiful lake and several parks.（这座小镇自豪地拥有一座美丽的湖泊和几座公园。） |
| grotto | /ˈɡrɑːtoʊ/ | n. | 石窟 | A narrow path led us to a small grotto near the lake.（一条小路把我们带到湖边的一个小石窟。） |
| testimony | /ˈtestəmoʊni/ | n. | 证明；证据 | Her success is testimony to years of hard work.（她的成功是多年努力的证明。） |
| statue | /ˈstætʃu/ | n. | 雕像 | The statue showed a woman holding a child, both figures carved from one stone.（雕像表现了一位抱着孩子的女子，两个人物都由同一块石头雕成。） |
| mural | /ˈmjʊrəl/ | n. | 壁画 | The artist painted a colorful mural on the school wall.（画家在学校墙上画了一幅色彩鲜艳的壁画。） |
| religious | /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ | adj. | 宗教相关的 | The museum displayed religious objects from old temples, explaining how people used them in ceremonies.（博物馆展出了古老寺庙里的宗教物品，解释人们如何在仪式中使用它们。） |
| apsara | /ˈɑpsərə/ | n. | 飞天 | An apsara with flowing ribbons appears in the ancient painting.（那幅古画中有一位衣带飘扬的飞天。） |
| immortal | /ɪˈmɔːrtəl/ | n. | 神 | In the tale, an immortal keeps a garden green all year.（在这个故事中，一位神仙使一座花园四季常绿。） |
| heavenly | /ˈhevənli/ | adj. | 天国的 | The painting shows a heavenly garden above the clouds.（这幅画描绘了云端之上的天国花园。） |
| peak | /piːk/ | n. | 高峰；顶点 | Her career reached its peak after she won the award.（获奖后，她的事业达到了顶点。） |
| Taoist priest | /ˈdaʊɪst prist/ | phr. | 道士 | The guide described the daily life of a Taoist priest in ancient China.（导游介绍了中国古代一位道士的日常生活。） |
| scroll | /skroʊl/ | n. | 卷轴 | She carefully unrolled the ancient scroll.（她小心地展开了那幅古老的卷轴。） |
| ceramics | /səˈræmɪks/ | n. | 陶瓷制品 | The shop sells ceramics made by local artists.（这家商店出售当地艺术家制作的陶瓷制品。） |
| crossroads | /ˈkrɔːsroʊdz/ | n. | 汇集地 | The port became a crossroads for trade and culture.（这座港口成了贸易与文化的汇集地。） |
| expo | /ˈekspoʊ/ | n. | 博览会 | We saw new farming machines at the expo.（我们在博览会上看到了新型农业机械。） |
| strengthen | /ˈstreŋθən/ | v. | 加强 | Workers strengthened the bridge by adding supports beneath the damaged road surface.（工人在受损路面下面增加支撑，加固桥梁。） |
| coverage | /ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ | n. | 覆盖范围 | There is no phone coverage in this mountain village.（这个山村不在手机信号的覆盖范围内。） |
| scholar | /ˈskɑlər/ | n. | 学者 | The scholar spent years studying ancient letters to understand how the language had changed.（这位学者花了多年研究古代书信，了解语言如何变化。） |
| department | /dɪˈpɑrtmənt/ | n. | 部门 | Our sales department helps customers choose the right product.（我们的销售部门帮助顾客选择合适的产品。） |
| institute | /ˈɪnstəˌtut/ | n. | 研究所学院 | The research institute opened a laboratory where scientists study earthquakes and changes beneath the ground.（研究所开设了一个实验室，科学家在那里研究地震和地下变化。） |
| Sinologist | /saɪˈnɑːlədʒɪst/ | n. | 汉学家 | The Sinologist studies ancient Chinese poems.（这位汉学家研究中国古代诗歌。） |
| temple | /ˈtɛmpəl/ | n. | 寺庙神殿 | Visitors removed their shoes before entering the temple where people gathered for religious prayer.（访客进入人们聚集进行宗教祈祷的寺庙前，脱下了鞋。） |
| tune | /tuːn/ | n. | 曲调 | She played a familiar tune while the children sang along.（她演奏了一首熟悉的曲调，孩子们跟着唱。） |
| shepherd | /ˈʃepərd/ | n. | 牧羊人 | The shepherd led the sheep back to the farm.（牧羊人把羊群带回了农场。） |
| historian | /hɪˈstɔriən/ | n. | 历史学家 | The historian studied old letters to learn about life long ago.（历史学家研究旧信件，以了解很久以前的生活。） |
| prior | /ˈpraɪər/ | adj. | 先前的；在前的 | This course requires no prior knowledge; it starts with the basics.（这门课程不要求先前的知识，它从基础开始讲起。） |
| prior to | /ˈpraɪər tə/ | phr. | 在……之前 | Please read the instructions prior to using the equipment.（请在使用设备之前阅读说明。） |
| genius | /ˈdʒinjəs/ | n. | 天才能力 | Her early music showed remarkable creative genius.（她早期的音乐作品展现了非凡的创作天赋。） |
| chamber | /ˈtʃeɪmbər/ | n. | 室；房间 | The large chamber was used for meetings.（这间大房间被用来开会。） |
| romance | /roʊˈmæns/ | n. | 传奇故事 | We read an old romance about a hero’s adventures.（我们读了一部讲述英雄冒险经历的古老传奇故事。） |
| kingdom | /ˈkɪŋdəm/ | n. | 王国 | The old map shows the kingdom before its borders changed.（旧地图显示了边界改变前的王国。） |
| stratagem | /ˈstrætədʒəm/ | n. | 计谋 | Her stratagem was to ask the same question in a different way.（她的计谋是换一种方式问同一个问题。） |
| enormous | /ɪˈnɔːrməs/ | adj. | 巨大的 | The storm left an enormous tree across the road.（风暴过后，一棵巨树横在道路上。） |
UNIT 4 51 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| forehead | /ˈfɔrˌhed/ | n. | 额头 | He pressed his hand to his forehead, just above his eyes.（他把手按在额头上，就在眼睛上方。） |
| blank | /blæŋk/ | adj. | 无表情的 | Her face stayed blank as she listened to the news.（她听到这个消息时，脸上仍然毫无表情。） |
| dizzy | /ˈdɪzi/ | adj. | 头晕的 | He felt dizzy after spinning around, as though the whole room were turning.（转了几圈后，他感到头晕，仿佛整个房间都在转。） |
| chairwoman | /ˈtʃɛrˌwʊmən/ | n. | 女主席 | The chairwoman welcomed the committee and explained how she would lead the meeting.（女主席欢迎委员会成员，并说明她将如何主持会议。） |
| sunrise | /ˈsʌnraɪz/ | n. | 日出 | We woke before sunrise to watch the sun appear above the sea.（我们日出前醒来，看太阳从海面上升起。） |
| potential | /pəˈtɛnʃəl/ | n. | 潜力；潜能 | Her teacher noticed her potential when she first began to draw.（她刚开始学画画时，老师就注意到了她的潜力。） |
| bug | /bʌɡ/ | n. | 迷恋 | She caught the travel bug after her first trip abroad.（第一次出国旅行后，她便迷上了旅行。） |
| enterprising | /ˈentərpraɪzɪŋ/ | adj. | 有进取心的 | The enterprising students started a small school shop.（这些有进取心的学生开了一家小小的校园商店。） |
| input | /ˈɪnpʊt/ | n. | 投入 | The project needs a large input of time and money.（这个项目需要投入大量时间和资金。） |
| obstacle | /ˈɑbstəkəl/ | n. | 障碍；障碍物 | A fallen tree was an obstacle on the path.（一棵倒下的树成了路上的障碍。） |
| phase | /feɪz/ | n. | 阶段；时期 | The first phase of the project involves repairing the old bridge.（这个项目的第一阶段包括修缮旧桥。） |
| manufacturer | /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərər/ | n. | 制造商；生产厂家 | The manufacturer replaced the faulty appliance.（制造商更换了有故障的电器。） |
| cosmetics | /kɑzˈmɛtɪks/ | n. | 化妆品 | She keeps her cosmetics in a small bag.（她把化妆品放在一个小包里。） |
| purchase | /ˈpɝːtʃəs/ | v. | 购买 | She purchased a new notebook at the shop beside our school.（她在我们学校旁的商店买了一本新笔记本。） |
| distribution | /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/ | n. | 分销 | The company handles the distribution of fresh fruit to local shops.（这家公司负责向当地商店分销新鲜水果。） |
| bonus | /ˈboʊnəs/ | n. | 奖金；额外好处 | The company gave its workers a bonus after a successful year.（公司在业绩良好的一年后给工人们发了奖金。） |
| entrepreneurial | /ˌɑːntrəprəˈnɜːriəl/ | adj. | 创业的 | Her entrepreneurial spirit helped her turn a small idea into a successful business.（她的创业精神帮助她把一个小想法变成了成功的生意。） |
| guidance | /ˈɡaɪdəns/ | n. | 指导 | With her teacher’s guidance, she learnt to organise the report before writing the first paragraph.（在老师的指导下，她学会了先安排报告的结构，再写第一段。） |
| consultant | /kənˈsʌltənt/ | n. | 顾问 | The shop hired a consultant to suggest ways of reducing its electricity costs.（店铺请了顾问，建议降低电费的方法。） |
| conventional | /kənˈvenʃənəl/ | adj. | 惯常传统的 | She rejected conventional rows of desks and arranged the classroom seats in a circle.（她没有采用常规的成排桌位，而是把教室座位摆成一圈。） |
| discriminate | /dɪˈskrɪməneɪt/ | v. | 歧视 | The club must not discriminate against new members.（俱乐部不得歧视新成员。） |
| equator | /ɪˈkweɪtər/ | n. | 赤道 | The equator divides the Earth into two halves, north and south.（赤道把地球分成南北两半。） |
| estate | /ɪˈsteɪt/ | n. | 地产；庄园 | The old estate includes a large house and several fields.（那座旧庄园包括一幢大房子和几块田地。） |
| superior | /suˈpɪriər/ | adj. | 更好的 | The new camera produced superior pictures, showing details the cheaper model had missed.（新相机拍出的图像质量更高，显示了便宜型号未拍出的细节。） |
| mild | /maɪld/ | adj. | 味淡的 | This cheese has a mild taste that children enjoy.（这种奶酪味道清淡，孩子们很喜欢。） |
| calorie | /ˈkæləri/ | n. | 卡路里 | The label shows how many calories the drink contains.（标签显示了这款饮料含有多少卡路里。） |
| subjective | /səbˈdʒektɪv/ | adj. | 主观的 | Her subjective judgement of the painting depended more on memories than on technical details.（她对这幅画的主观判断更多取决于记忆，而不是技术细节。） |
| freshman | /ˈfrɛʃmən/ | n. | 一年级新生 | My sister is a freshman at college.（我姐姐是大学一年级新生。） |
| make ends meet | /meɪk endz miːt/ | phr. | 勉强维持生计 | They work hard to make ends meet.（他们努力工作，勉强维持生计。） |
| afloat | /əˈfloʊt/ | adj. | 周转得开的 | Extra orders helped keep the small shop afloat through the winter.（额外的订单帮助这家小店整个冬天都保持资金周转。） |
| interfere | /ˌɪntərˈfɪr/ | v. | 干涉 | Please do not interfere in their choice of club; they need to make this decision themselves.（请不要干涉他们选择社团的事，他们需要自己作决定。） |
| interfere with | /ˌɪntərˈfɪr wɪð/ | phr. | 妨碍 | Loud music can interfere with my sleep.（响亮的音乐会妨碍我睡觉。） |
| rational | /ˈræʃənəl/ | adj. | 理性的 | Her decision was based on rational consideration of the evidence.（她的决定基于对证据的理性考虑。） |
| exceed | /ɪkˈsiːd/ | v. | 超过 | The total cost must not exceed fifty pounds, so we need to choose cheaper materials.（总费用不得超过五十英镑，所以我们需要选择便宜些的材料。） |
| go into debt | /ɡoʊ ˈɪntuː det/ | phr. | 负债 | They had to go into debt to repair their house.（他们不得不为修房子而负债。） |
| financial | /faɪˈnænʃəl/ | adj. | 财政的；金融的 | The manager checked the company’s financial records.（经理检查了公司的财务记录。） |
| accumulate | /əˈkjumjəˌleɪt/ | v. | 积累积聚 | Dust accumulated on the shelves while the library remained closed for repairs.（图书馆闭馆维修期间，架子上积了灰。） |
| automatically | /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/ | adv. | 自动地 | The doors open automatically when you walk towards them.（你走向这些门时，门就会自动打开。） |
| toddler | /ˈtɑdlɚ/ | n. | 学步儿童 | The toddler took a few steps toward her mother.（那个学步儿童朝妈妈走了几步。） |
| sorrow | /ˈsɑːroʊ/ | n. | 不幸的事 | Losing her childhood home was a great sorrow to her.（失去童年住过的家对她来说是一件非常悲伤的事。） |
| frustration | /frʌˈstreɪʃən/ | n. | 受挫懊恼 | He felt frustration when he could not open the file.（他打不开那个文件，感到很懊恼。） |
| hire | /ˈhaɪər/ | v. | 雇用；租用 | The library hired a teacher to lead its summer reading course.（图书馆雇了一位老师来带暑期阅读课程。） |
| designer clothes | /dɪˈzaɪnɚ kloʊðz/ | phr. | 名牌服装 | She saves money by buying second-hand designer clothes.（她通过购买二手名牌服装来省钱。） |
| rent out | /rent aʊt/ | phr. | 出租 | They rent out a small house near the lake.（他们出租湖边的一栋小房子。） |
| thereby | /ˌðerˈbaɪ/ | adv. | 从而 | She repaired the leak, thereby preventing further water damage.（她修好了漏水处，从而避免了进一步的水损。） |
| supervision | /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/ | n. | 监督 | Children need adult supervision when using these tools.（儿童使用这些工具时需要成人监督。） |
| expense | /ɪkˈspɛns/ | n. | 费用；开支 | Train tickets were our biggest expense during the school trip.（火车票是我们学校旅行中最大的一笔开支。） |
| at the expense of | /ət ði ɪkˈspɛns əv/ | phr. | 以损害为代价 | The factory increased production at the expense of the environment.（这家工厂以损害环境为代价提高了产量。） |
| abuse | /əˈbjus/ | n. | 滥用；不当使用 | Using the school printer for business is an abuse of resources.（用学校的打印机做生意是对资源的滥用。） |
| theft | /θɛft/ | n. | 盗窃 | The shop reported the theft after discovering that several expensive watches were missing.（商店发现几块昂贵手表不见了，便报告了这起盗窃。） |
| purse | /pɜrs/ | n. | 小钱包 | She took a coin from her purse to pay for the bread.（她从零钱包里拿出一枚硬币买面包。） |
UNIT 5 48 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| civilization | /ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃən/ | n. | 文明 | The ancient civilization built cities, developed writing, and traded with neighbouring peoples.（这个古老文明建造城市，发展文字，并与邻近民族贸易往来。） |
| intrigue | /ɪnˈtriɡ/ | v. | 引起好奇 | The strange sound from the empty room intrigued me.（空房间里传来的奇怪声音引起了我的好奇心。） |
| bury | /ˈbɛri/ | v. | 埋藏埋葬 | The dog buried its bone in the garden and covered it with soil.（狗把骨头埋在花园里，用土盖住。） |
| pyramid | /ˈpɪrəmɪd/ | n. | 金字塔锥体 | The pupils built a pyramid whose four triangle-shaped sides met above a square base.（学生搭了一个锥体，四个三角形侧面在方形底面上方相交。） |
| astronomy | /əˈstrɑnəmi/ | n. | 天文学 | She became interested in astronomy after watching the moon through a powerful telescope.（她用一架高倍望远镜观测月球后，对天文学产生了兴趣。） |
| canal | /kəˈnæl/ | n. | 运河 | Workers dug a canal to carry river water to fields beyond the dry hills.（工人们挖了一条运河，把河水引到干旱山丘另一边的田地。） |
| tropical | /ˈtrɑpɪkəl/ | adj. | 热带的 | The greenhouse contains tropical plants.（温室里种有热带植物。） |
| cyclone | /ˈsaɪkloʊn/ | n. | 气旋 | The cyclone brought strong winds and heavy rain to the island.（气旋给这座岛带来了强风和暴雨。） |
| megadrought | /ˈmeɡəˌdraʊt/ | n. | 超级干旱 | The region suffered a megadrought that lasted thirty years.（这个地区遭受了持续三十年的超级干旱。） |
| downfall | /ˈdaʊnˌfɔl/ | n. | 衰败 | Poor decisions led to the downfall of the company.（糟糕的决策导致了这家公司的衰败。） |
| ruin | /ˈruːɪn/ | n. | 废墟 | We explored the ruins of an ancient village.（我们探索了一座古村落的废墟。） |
| fall into ruin | /fɔl ˈɪntu ˈruɪn/ | phr. | 衰落；败落 | The empty house fell into ruin after its owner left.（主人离开后，这座空房子逐渐败落了。） |
| abandon | /əˈbændən/ | v. | 放弃抛弃 | We abandoned our picnic plans because of the heavy rain.（因为大雨，我们放弃了野餐计划。） |
| dismiss | /dɪsˈmɪs/ | v. | 不予考虑 | Do not dismiss her idea without listening to her reasons.（不要还没听她说明理由，就对她的想法不予考虑。） |
| expansion | /ɪkˈspænʃən/ | n. | 扩张；扩大 | The expansion of the school created room for another hundred pupils.（学校扩建后，又能容纳一百名学生。） |
| getaway | /ˈɡetəweɪ/ | n. | 逃走 | The rabbit made a quick getaway through a hole in the fence.（兔子从篱笆上的一个洞迅速逃走了。） |
| run for one's life | /rʌn fər wʌnz laɪf/ | phr. | 逃命 | As the flood approached, we had to run for our lives.（洪水逼近时，我们不得不逃命。） |
| check out | /tʃɛk aʊt/ | phr. | 调查；核实 | Please check out the story before you tell everyone.（请先核实这个说法，再告诉大家。） |
| test the waters | /test ðə ˈwɔːtɚz/ | phr. | 试水；试探 | We will test the waters by selling a few cakes online.（我们会先在网上卖几块蛋糕来试水。） |
| steer clear of | /stɪr klɪr əv/ | phr. | 避开 | You should steer clear of websites that ask for your password.（你应该避开那些索要你密码的网站。） |
| retreat | /rɪˈtrit/ | v. | 撤退；退却 | The group had to retreat from the rising water.（大家不得不撤离不断上涨的水边。） |
| subdue | /səbˈduː/ | v. | 抑制情绪 | She took a deep breath to subdue her anger.（她深吸一口气来抑制怒火。） |
| the unknown | /ði ˌʌnˈnoʊn/ | phr. | 未知之地 | The map ended here, with the unknown beyond the mountains.（地图到这里就结束了，山的那边是未知之地。） |
| set out | /set aʊt/ | phr. | 出发 | We set out for the village before breakfast.（我们在早饭前出发前往村庄。） |
| uncharted | /ˌʌnˈtʃɑːrtɪd/ | adj. | 地图未标明的 | The boat reached an uncharted island after three days at sea.（这艘船在海上航行三天后，到达了一座地图上未标明的岛屿。） |
| delve | /delv/ | v. | 探究 | We need to delve into the reasons behind this change.（我们需要探究这一变化背后的原因。） |
| throw oneself into | /θroʊ wʌnˈself ˈɪntu/ | phr. | 投身于 | She threw herself into her studies after the holiday.（假期过后，她全身心地投入了学习。） |
| think twice | /θɪŋk twaɪs/ | phr. | 三思而行 | You should think twice before sharing photos online.（你在网上分享照片前应该三思而行。） |
| shrink | /ʃrɪŋk/ | v. | 退缩；畏缩 | He shrank back in fear when the large dog barked.（那条大狗叫起来时，他害怕地往后退缩。） |
| shrink from | /ʃrɪŋk frəm/ | phr. | 不愿做 | She does not shrink from making difficult decisions.（她不会因为做决定困难就不愿去做。） |
| look into | /lʊk ˈɪntuː/ | phr. | 调查；审查 | The school will look into the problem with the heating.（学校将调查供暖出现的问题。） |
| investigation | /ɪnˌvɛstəˈɡeɪʃən/ | n. | 调查 | The investigation found the cause of the water problem.（调查查明了供水问题的原因。） |
| shipwreck | /ˈʃɪprek/ | n. | 失事船只 | Fish swam through the windows of the old shipwreck.（鱼从那艘旧失事船只的窗户间游过。） |
| archaeological | /ˌɑːrkiəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/ | adj. | 考古的 | The team found ancient tools at the archaeological site.（团队在这处考古遗址发现了古代工具。） |
| coral | /ˈkɔrəl/ | n. | 珊瑚 | We watched small fish move between branches of coral in the clear sea.（我们看着小鱼在清澈的海里穿梭于珊瑚枝之间。） |
| millimetre | /ˈmɪləˌmitər/ | n. | 毫米 | The engineer adjusted the gap by one millimetre until the parts fitted together.（工程师把间隙调整了一毫米，直到零件相互吻合。） |
| barreleye | /ˈbærəlˌaɪ/ | n. | 管眼鱼 | The camera recorded a barreleye deep in the ocean.（摄像机在深海中拍到了一条管眼鱼。） |
| upward | /ˈʌpwərd/ | adv. | 向上 | Smoke rose upward from the chimney into the still evening air.（傍晚没有风，烟从烟囱向上升起。） |
| trench | /trentʃ/ | n. | 海沟 | This ocean trench is deeper than the mountains are high.（这条海沟的深度超过了那些山的高度。） |
| equivalent | /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/ | adj. | 相等的；相当的 | A thousand metres is equivalent to one kilometre.（一千米等于一公里。） |
| stack | /stæk/ | v. | 堆起；摞起 | Please stack the plates beside the sink.（请把盘子整齐地摞在水槽旁边。） |
| furthermore | /ˌfɜːrðərˈmɔːr/ | adv. | 此外 | The room is too small; furthermore, it has no windows.（房间太小；此外，还没有窗户。） |
| notable | /ˈnoʊtəbəl/ | adj. | 显要的 | Several notable scientists attended the school science fair.（几位有重要影响的科学家参加了学校的科学展览。） |
| substance | /ˈsʌbstəns/ | n. | 物质 | The white substance in this bowl is salt, not sugar.（这个碗里的白色物质是盐，不是糖。） |
| vessel | /ˈvɛsəl/ | n. | 船只 | The vessel carried fresh fruit across the sea.（这艘船只载着新鲜水果横渡大海。） |
| drilling | /ˈdrɪlɪŋ/ | n. | 钻探 | Drilling for oil began near the coast last month.（上个月，海岸附近开始了石油钻探。） |
| volume | /ˈvɑːljuːm/ | n. | 卷；册 | The first volume covers the history of the town.（第一卷讲述了这个城镇的历史。） |
| make a getaway | /meɪk ə ˈɡɛtəweɪ/ | phr. | 逃走 | The rabbit made a getaway through a hole in the fence.（兔子从篱笆的一个洞里逃走了。） |
UNIT 6 36 个词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| become accustomed to | /bɪˈkʌm əˈkʌstəmd tə/ | phr. | 习惯于 | You will soon become accustomed to the weather here.（你很快就会习惯于这里的天气。） |
| notion | /ˈnoʊʃən/ | n. | 观念 | The lesson introduced the notion of equal rights.（这节课介绍了平等权利的观念。） |
| hazardous | /ˈhæzərdəs/ | adj. | 危险的 | Thick fog made the journey hazardous.（浓雾使这段旅程变得危险。） |
| unexceptional | /ˌʌnɪkˈsepʃənəl/ | adj. | 平常的 | The food was fresh but unexceptional.（这些食物很新鲜，但没什么特别之处。） |
| shuttle | /ˈʃʌtəl/ | n. | 航天飞机 | The shuttle carried scientists and equipment into space.（航天飞机把科学家和设备送入太空。） |
| excursion | /ɪkˈskɜrʒən/ | n. | 短途旅行；远足 | Our class took an excursion to the nearby castle.（我们班到附近的城堡进行了一次短途游览。） |
| rekindle | /ˌriːˈkɪndəl/ | v. | 重新唤起 | The trip rekindled my interest in local history.（这次旅行重新唤起了我对当地历史的兴趣。） |
| tragically | /ˈtrædʒɪkli/ | adv. | 不幸地 | Tragically, the fire destroyed their home.（不幸地，大火毁了他们的家。） |
| instantaneously | /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəsli/ | adv. | 瞬间地 | The lights came on instantaneously when I pressed the switch.（我按下开关时，灯瞬间就亮了。） |
| shadow | /ˈʃædoʊ/ | n. | 阴影 | The failure left a shadow over his confidence.（那次失败给他的自信蒙上了阴影。） |
| cast a shadow on | /kæst ə ˈʃædoʊ ɑn/ | phr. | 蒙上阴影 | The bad news cast a shadow on our holiday.（这个坏消息给我们的假期蒙上了阴影。） |
| scream | /skriːm/ | v. | 尖声喊叫 | The children screamed with excitement when the show began.（演出开始时，孩子们兴奋地尖叫起来。） |
| suspend | /səˈspend/ | v. | 暂停 | The school will suspend outdoor activities during the storm.（风暴期间，学校将暂停户外活动。） |
| crew | /kru/ | n. | 全体船员；机组 | The ship's crew welcomed our class and explained how the boat worked.（船员们欢迎我们班，解释船怎样运作。） |
| simulated | /ˈsɪmjəleɪtɪd/ | adj. | 模拟的 | The students practised flying in a simulated environment.（学生们在模拟的环境中练习飞行。） |
| simulator | /ˈsɪmjəleɪtər/ | n. | 模拟器 | The pilot practised landing in a flight simulator.（飞行员在飞行模拟器中练习降落。） |
| lifelike | /ˈlaɪflaɪk/ | adj. | 逼真的 | The artist made a lifelike model of a cat.（那位艺术家制作了一个逼真的猫模型。） |
| submit | /səbˈmɪt/ | v. | 提交 | Please submit your form before Friday to join the summer course.（请在星期五之前提交表格，以参加暑期课程。） |
| awesome | /ˈɔːsəm/ | adj. | 极好的 | We had an awesome weekend at the beach.（我们在海边度过了一个极好的周末。） |
| telescope | /ˈtɛləˌskoʊp/ | n. | 望远镜 | Through the telescope, we could see moon mountains that our eyes alone could not distinguish.（透过望远镜，我们能看到月球上的山，仅靠眼睛却分辨不出。） |
| the naked eye | /ðə ˈneɪkɪd aɪ/ | phr. | 肉眼 | Some stars are too faint to see with the naked eye.（有些星星太暗，肉眼看不见。） |
| angle | /ˈæŋɡəl/ | v. | 斜置 | Angle the lamp toward your book.（把灯朝你的书本方向斜置。） |
| galaxy | /ˈɡæləksi/ | n. | 星系 | Our sun is part of a galaxy.（我们的太阳是一个星系的一部分。） |
| cosmic | /ˈkɑzmɪk/ | adj. | 宇宙的 | Scientists study cosmic dust to learn how stars form.（科学家研究宇宙尘埃，以了解恒星如何形成。） |
| conceivably | /kənˈsivəbli/ | adv. | 可想象地 | The weather could conceivably change before the match starts.（可以想象，在比赛开始前天气有可能发生变化。） |
| subatomic | /ˌsʌbəˈtɑːmɪk/ | adj. | 亚原子的 | Electrons are tiny subatomic particles.（电子是微小的亚原子粒子。） |
| particle | /ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/ | n. | 微粒 | A tiny particle of dust lay on the lens.（一粒微小灰尘落在镜片上。） |
| invisible | /ɪnˈvɪzəbəl/ | adj. | 看不见的 | The marks were invisible without special lighting.（没有特殊照明，那些痕迹就看不见。） |
| straightforward | /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd/ | adj. | 简单明了的 | The straightforward instructions let us put the shelf together without asking for help.（说明简单明了，让我们不用求助就组装好了架子。） |
| self-discipline | /ˌself ˈdɪsəplɪn/ | n. | 自律 | Studying every evening requires self-discipline.（每天晚上学习需要自律。） |
| fetch | /fetʃ/ | v. | 取来 | Please fetch my coat from the bedroom and bring it outside.（请到卧室拿上我的外套，把它带到外面来。） |
| muscle | /ˈmʌsəl/ | n. | 肌肉 | The muscles in her legs grew stronger as she practised swimming.（随着练习游泳，她腿部的肌肉变得更强壮了。） |
| pepper | /ˈpɛpər/ | n. | 胡椒粉 | He added ground black pepper to his soup.（他往汤里加了黑胡椒粉。） |
| sneeze | /sniz/ | v. | 打喷嚏 | She sneezed when dust from the old book rose into the air.（旧书上的灰尘扬到空中时，她打了喷嚏。） |
| disc | /dɪsk/ | n. | 光盘 | Insert the disc into the player to hear the music.（把光盘放进播放器里，就能听音乐。） |
| the space shuttle | /ðə speɪs ˈʃʌtəl/ | phr. | 航天飞机 | The space shuttle carried a team of scientists into orbit.（航天飞机将一组科学家送入了轨道。） |